Gis software. Free distribution gis software Gis software package

Lecture 9

The software of a geographic information system should be considered as a set of subsystems, each of which is capable of providing its assigned task. Depending on the functionality of the software, which allows you to effectively solve various problems, several subsystems can be conditionally distinguished:

1. Input subsystems. These are software tools for data entry that allow you to competently and efficiently create a database of a geographic information system. To enter information, special programs are often used, which are called vectorizers or vector editors, depending on the vectorization method embedded in them.

Vectorizers have the function of automatic or interactive (semi-automatic) vectorization based on recognition and training of the system. The use of such systems is convenient when vectorizing extended lines (isolines), where recognition is quite simple.

When vectorizing more complex maps, use vector editors... Vectorization in these systems is carried out manually using a digitizer or on a raster substrate on the screen.

Input subsystems, as a rule, have the functions of projective transformations (transformations of coordinate systems and transformations of cartographic projections), which makes it possible to bring vector and raster data to a single coordinate space and scale before vectorization.

The second group of geographic information systems are data analysis systems... These systems provide search and analysis functions, from simple answers to queries to sophisticated statistical analysis of large amounts of data. The analysis subsystem is the "heart" of the GIS. GIS analysis uses the capabilities of modern technical tools to measure, compare and describe the information stored in the database. The powerful capabilities of modern computers provide quick access to raw data and allow you to aggregate and classify data for further analysis. At the same time, the user is practically unlimited in the types of information used and in the methods of analysis.

As a rule, the systems of this group are provided with data input and output subsystems. In this case, such systems are classified as fully functional.

The third group of systems consists of layout and output systems or the so-called viewers. The task of these systems is the creation of geoinformation packages such as information and reference and the layout of output maps on paper. The most common purpose of cartography is to produce maps, usually in a limited edition, for many users. Subsystems of this group have the ability to competently and conveniently design cards for any purpose, as well as the ability to replicate them on paper or in digital form.

There are systems that can solve only one or several of the problems listed above.

When creating a geographic information package for a territory and working with it, either one full-featured GIS software or a set of GIS software is used, which allows for complex processing to solve the task.

The choice of GIS software is a very important step; the efficiency of the entire system directly depends on the correct choice of software.

Here are some criteria to be followed when choosing software:

Sufficient hardware and training requirements;

Open formats used by software or advanced data export-import capabilities;

Ease of data entry;

DBMS supported by software;

The necessary set of functions for solving the assigned tasks;

Modular design, allowing you to include additional features developed by third-party teams of programmers:

The ability to customize the user interface when solving various tasks;

A high level of technical and methodological support by software developers, the possibility of obtaining a version update.

It should be noted that an important criterion when choosing a software product is the optimal ratio of price to functionality.

Currently, there are hundreds of domestic and foreign software developments that meet most of these criteria. Most of the software is not a single subsystem in its purest form. As a rule, in each of the programs one of the functions is strong. Full-featured programs in which all subsystems are strong come at a high cost.

Today there are a huge number of software products that are available on any hardware platform. These products can basically be divided into two "camps": high-end professional GIS (high-end) and desktop mapping packages with some GIS functions.

The first (high-end) GIS features a high power, full functional set of tools. They provide all the functionality that most applications require. Input tools, for example, provide the ability to input from existing maps and records, existing digital data in various formats, and information collection tools, such as from geodetic instruments and from GPS (space-based global positioning system) receivers, all the way to real-time operation.

These systems have tools for managing very large databases with many users making their own individual changes. Efficient storage of complex spatial databases is another challenge that requires specialized software tools, especially in the process of accessing and archiving data. The range of geographic information analysis functions in these systems ranges from simple sequential datasets to creating buffers and combinations of datasets to build a model of the environment in both two and three dimensions. Such complex software also requires appropriate support from qualified personnel.

The bulk of developments in the GIS software market in the past few years have been so-called desktop GIS mapping packages. These packages do not have many functions and were originally designed for simple analysis and display of maps and graphs.

The choice of one of the proposed classes of software depends on the class of problems to be solved and on the financial capabilities of the buyer.

Software tools can be classified based on their architectural principles of construction: open and closed.

Open systems have a basis of built-in functions (from 70 to 90%), the rest can be completed by the user himself using a special device for creating applications. Such systems have built-in programming languages. The term "open" systems means openness to the user, ease of adaptation, expansion, change, adaptation to new formats, communication between existing applications. Open systems are expensive, but they avoid difficulties in the development of problems to be solved in the future.

Closed systems do not have extensibility, they do not have built-in programming languages, they do not provide for writing applications. Even if initially closed systems satisfy the user, but if the tasks that the user solves change even slightly, then such a system is not able to solve them. The advantage of such systems is their low cost.

When choosing, preference should certainly be given to open systems, since they have a longer life cycle.

GIS software is rapidly evolving nowadays. The main trends in the development of GIS technologies are aimed at the ever-increasing openness of systems:

Increasing the possibilities of using graphic data (opening formats, supporting exchange formats of other systems, developing special converters);

Expansion of the number of models of the used graphic data in one system (topological model, object-oriented model, TIN - model, GRID-model);

Increasing the possibilities in working with databases (refusal to use own and use of commercial DBMS, support for SQL queries, work with external databases via ODBC);

Unification of the interface and its adaptation to the needs of the user (development of systems in Windows and Windows NT environments, the inclusion of tools for modifying system menus, development of the end user menu);

Expanding the possibilities for creating custom applications (using high-level languages ​​or system languages ​​that have all the capabilities of high-level languages ​​- MapBasic, Avenue). Providing libraries of functions with the use of which the system itself was created (Geoconstructor, MapObjects);

Support for interaction with other software products through OLE and DDE mechanisms (spreadsheets, graphic editors, document management systems);

Modern software is becoming more and more complex in functionality, and at the same time, everything is easier for the user. An increase in the functionality of the system is achieved by including in the delivery sets of software products created by users and modified to industrial designs by suppliers (editors of conventional symbols and fonts; modules that expand the capabilities of modeling and spatial analysis)

When completing the software, one should have in view of the possibility of using various instrumental GIS in a geoinformation project with guaranteed full compatibility in the exchange of data.

Below are descriptions of the functionality of software of different classes and developers, selected by the author as optimal for solving the tasks set in the work.

Foreign developments:

ESRI & ERDAS software

ARC / VIEW 3.2- systems for creating information and reference packages (ISP) and layout of output maps. The program provides the end user with tools for selecting and viewing various geodata, editing them, creating map layouts, address geocoding, and printing cartographic materials. Has a modular structure and built-in language for creating applications AVENUE.

Additional application modules ARC / VEW:

AV SPATIAL ANALYST - provides tools for creating, querying, analyzing and displaying data on a regular grid on a map, as well as performing system analysis using object themes,

AV 3D ANALYST provides the user with the following capabilities: create realistic surface models based on various kinds of initial data; determine the height (value) of the surface at any point; calculate volumes between surfaces; work with vector 3D objects to create realistic 3D models; visualize data in 3D.

AV NETWORK ANALYST is a tool that helps solve common problems over the data networks through which transport occurs.

ARCGIS- a fully functional GIS system, has perfect tools for creating maps, editing them, entering and transforming data; distributed data management; full integration with relational database management systems (DBMS).

ERDAS Imagine- provides work with remote sensing data. It is a fully functional geographic information system with the functions of creating, analyzing and interpreting geodata. Has the most complete set of functionality among similar packages.

Intergrach Corp.

GeoMedia Professional- a universal GIS-system that allows directly (without conversion) to connect and work with geoinformation databases of most formats, effectively integrates geodata into a single information system of scale from a working group to an enterprise. It has the functions of creating a database, processing and analyzing information. Has a modular structure.

Domestic developments:

GEODRAW(developed by the Center for Geoinformation Research, IG RAS, Moscow) - vector editor. Designed to create databases of digital maps and plans, includes functions that provide the construction of a topological structure of a digital map, identification of objects and linking them to an attributive database, transformation of maps, import-export functions in various formats, support for cartographic projections.

EASY TRACE(developed by EASY TRACE GROUP, Ryazan) - a package of programs for interactive vectorization of raster images, has the functions of preliminary preparation of a raster image, the ability to work with attributive databases.

GIS PARK(developed by LANECO LLP, Moscow) is an integrated system that combines the functions of an information and reference system and a calculation, analytical and predictive system. The system means provide:

Creation of multipurpose cartographic databases

Building derived maps

Data analysis (spatial statistics, taxonomy, relationship and dependency exploration)

Automation of transformation processes of the data presentation form,

Automation of the processes of obtaining new information based on the complex interpretation of qualitative and quantitative data by recognition methods

Optimizing solutions for quantitative quality criteria

Using automatically generated and expert models.

A real operating GIS, in addition to specialized software, always uses additional software for organizing a computer network, accessing the global Internet, and organizing additional information protection from unauthorized access. In some cases, along with GIS, in interaction with it, additional software is used to solve specialized tasks, for example, in-depth statistical analysis of data. GIS can work closely with office programs. Remote sensing data processing systems and various DBMS can play an important role.

The choice of software depends on the tasks facing the user.

Software for geologists, miners, mine surveyors, drillers, geochemists, mineralogists, petrographers, geochemists, biogeochemists and many others ...

Date: 2010-01-24

Software for geologists, miners, mine surveyors, drillers, geochemists, mineralogists, petrographers, geochemists, biogeochemists and many others ...

Didn't find something? The separation is conditional, so take a look in these sections:

EXPLANATION *** The fact is that universal software that can be used in a wide range from, for example, geologists to ecologists, I have placed in one of the sections, so something like this ...

GIS software, cartography, work with maps, geo-calculators .. >>>>>>>

Geophysicist software >>>>>>>

Software for hydrogeols, hydrologists, engineering geologists >>>>>>>

Software for the oil and gas industry >>>>>>>

Software for topographers, surveyors >>>>>>>

Software for ecologists, etc. >>>>>>>

CAD and graphic editors >>>>>>>

Or use the site search located on the left panel right below the header ..

For all the programs below, there is a fairly extensive help base ...

AEL Mining Services http://www.aelminingservices.com/ AEL is a leading developer, manufacturer and supplier of commercial explosives ... Blasting optimization software for mining, drilling, ditching, trenching, underground and open pit operations. AEL Tie Up Stand Alone.

Software from "Blast Maker" LLC http://www.blastmaker.kg/ CAD blast blast maker on quarries is a software and hardware complex that combines technical means of data collection in the process of drilling and excavation and software - an automated workstation for an engineer-designer of drilling and blasting operations. The developed complex is a practical implementation of the method of drilling and blasting operations with constant refinement of the strength properties of the developed massif by measuring the energy consumption of drilling blast holes. This is the main distinguishing feature of this development.

GeoSoftware by CGG GeoConsulting https://www.cgg.com/ (formerly fugro-jason then CGG Veritas) GeoSoftware offers comprehensive solutions for your integrated geophysical, geological, petrophy sical, rock physics and interpretation needs. Software for geologists, geophysicists, petrophysicists, mining engineers. HampsonRussell - World-class geophysical interpretation for seismic exploration and reservoir characterization, all accessible to any geophysicist. Geophysical interpretation. Jason - Advanced technology in seismic inversion and reservoir characterization. Optimize well productivity, field development and reservoir management. Seismic inversion .. InsightEarth - Innovative 3D visualization, interpretation and volume processing. InsightEarth's leading-edge interpretation tools and techniques complement your existing workflows. Innovative 3D visualization, interpretation and processing. EarthModel FT - Superior reservoir modeling capabilities. Rapidly build and update geological models. Incorporate all field data and connect to flow simulation. Geological model and reservoir modeling. ... PowerLog- The benchmark for petrophysics, rock physics, facies analysis and statistical mineralogy. Collaborative multi-well log analysis made easy for better drilling decisions. Well Logging. VelPro-Comprehensive and flexible post-stack velocity modeling. Integrates with seismic and well velocity information, horizons, faults and well tops. Robust and data-driven velocity model. Speed ​​model.

CREDO from "Credo-Dialogue" https://credo-dialogue.ru/ CREDO technologies are actively used for work of survey materials, design of objects of industrial, civil and transport construction, exploration, production and transportation of oil and gas, creation and maintenance of large-scale digital plans of cities and industrial enterprises, preparation of data for land management and geoinformation systems, solution of many other engineering problems. The platform is modular, there are modules for geology, mapping, calculating reserves, volumes, engineering geology, geodesy, topography and much more.

DIGIMI NE http://dgmn.ru / Software for geological surveying and mining operations
Program DIGIMINE is designed to automate work related to the creation of databases for exploration of mineral deposits, calculation of reserves, design and planning of mining operations, processing of mine surveying information.

Encom Technology Pty Ltd bought in 2007 Pitney Bowes Software Inc . (Pitney Bowes Business Insight by merging Pitney Bowes MapInfo and Group 1 Software). Old site - http://www.encom.com.au/ ... Run on the MapInfo platform or as standalone programs - Discover Modules ((currently re-purchased by Datamine , EMFlow, EncomPA is currently overbought by Datamine , ModelVision, QuickMag is currently overbought by Datamine , UBC-GIF, Engage3D,. They can be used by geologists (construction of sections, calculation of reserves, geological data), geophysicists (visualization and modeling in geophysics. A set of programs "sharpened" for gravity and magnetic prospecting), drillers, etc.

HOLESET- ESOFT HollSet - HollSet The HollSet computer program is designed for the automated construction of drilling and blasting passports when drilling horizontal and bosom workings. The program includes existing methods developed at Russian and foreign mining enterprises. Computer program HOLESET (holle set - Vyrabotka) Kozyrev S. A., Fattakhov E. I. Computer-aided design of drilling and blasting operations for driving mine workings at JSC "Apatit". 2007 year. The site is not known. The HOLESET computer program is designed for the automated construction of certificates for drilling and blasting operations, when driving horizontal and inclined workings.

GEOVIA (ex. Gemcom "s Software) is part of Dassault Systemes https://www.3ds.com/products-services/geovia Mining software for geologists, engineers, surveyors, mine management, and more. cool system. Surpac - mining and geological package. GEMS - planning of mining operations. Minex - mining and geological tools for coal and other seam deposits. Whittle - open pit mining. MineSched - a tool for long and short term planning for open pit and underground mines of all sizes and types. PCBC - Feasibility study, design and production management. Hub - an optimized intelligence and production data management system. InSite - data from the management of the production process from the stage of production to the stage of obtaining the final product.

Geologynet and Minserv software https://www.geologynet.com https://www.minserv.net WinRock is a petrology / geochemistry program for Windows. WinRock Wizard is a rock classification program for use with mineralogical data. Contour3DMS - Windows program for borehole plotting / sample maps and contour maps. CrossSectionMS is a Windows program for drawing borehole / sample maps and cross-sections. DrillHoleMS is a Windows program for drawing and preparing borehole / shaft cross-sections, drill logs / well and plans. Field Tools - for geologists LogPlotMS - Windows program for plotting borehole / sample maps and logging drills. Pointscan - point counter for windows. Xplotter is a general-purpose scientific graphing program for Windows. XRDCALC - Windows Powder Diffraction Utility for phase identification, calculation and plotting of powder diffraction data. There are also about 2,000 links to software for geologists here.

Geona ft "" Geosteering Technologies "(GTI) http://geosteertech.com/ Geosteering Technologies (GTI) is one of the leading Russian software developers for smart drilling. As a technology expert in the field of geosteering, geomechanics and petrophysics, the company provides integrated and modular software solutions and provides remote drilling support services based on them.

Programs from Mikhail Danilovich Oshchepkov Offsite unknown Manufacturer: Mikhail Oshchepkov Danilovich GeoSect program is intended for building geological sections along exploration (prospecting) lines. The MapGraph program is intended for building maps of graphs of physical fields. The ColumnCoal program is designed to build geological columns of coal bed intersections (structural columns). ColumnGeoGis program is intended for geologists and geophysicists involved in the construction of geological columns of well sections. The GridMaster program is designed to work with matrices of physical fields in order to change them and various kinds of transformations. RecalcKrd program for recalculating coordinate files.

Geosoft Software Suite from company Geosoft (Oasis montaj + Target + Geochemistry for ArcGIS + Target for ArcG IS) http://www.geosoft.com/ Software for Earth Science Mapping and Processing. Software for processing geophysics, geological data and building maps. Exploration software. Analysis of geochemical data in the ArcGIS environment. Geosoft solutions advance exploration of the Earth's subsurface. We provide solutions for exploration industries, government and the earth sciences, specializing in: earth mapping, earth modeling, GIS mapping, exploration information management and unexploded ordnance (UXO) detection. Software for Earth Science Mapping and Processing.

Geosteering Office® from GEONAVIGATION LLC http://geosteering.ru/ The main thing is Since the beginning of this program is work in conditions of a lack of time for making decisions during drilling, then each of the functions is maximally aimed at convenience and speed of implementation. collector.

Software products from Golden Software http://www.goldensoftware.com/ Surfer - powerful cartographic package for scientists and engineers. Didger is a high-precision digitizing application that is an indispensable addition to any geodata processing system. Grapher - allows you to build more than 30 types of 2D and 3D charts. Map Viewer is a quality spatial analysis tool that makes it easy to produce thematic maps with typographic quality. Strater - An excellent logging and graphical program for drawing boreholes. Voxler - Imports data from many sources and creates stunning graphics that allow you to creatively visualize the hidden connections between data.

Software products from Hexagon Mining http://hexagonmining.com/ Software MineSight 3D . Planning Suite - Integrated solutions for exploration, modeling, design, planning and operations in the mining industry. Operations Suite - Integrated high-speed control, production optimization, high-precision guidance and autonomous control.Safety Suite - Collision avoidance and fatigue monitoring systems. Survey & Monitoring Suite - Survey and measurement solutions for mines. 3D MineSight provides interactive display, editing, and descriptionting of all types of data including boreholes, boreholes, connections, models (3D block, stratigraphic, and surface), survey data for open pit and underground, geological interpretations, topographic contours, and gridded or triangulated surfaces. 3D MineSight has state-of-the-art interpretation tools for geologists, full 3D design for underground mine location, CAD editing of polylines and solids, all 3D solid / solid intersection logic, efficient triangulation functions, visualization of all types of geological and mining data, plus intuitive Descriptionting.

Programs new products from HRH Geology https://www.hrhgeology.com/ HRH is a leading geology operational service and solution provider to the oil and gas industry. Gravitas - The Integrated Operational Geology Software Suite. Winlogng - The next generation of Winlog. EZ-Correlate - The Correlation Option for Gravitas. Gravitas Connector for Petrel *. WinDOT - The Digital Oilfield Toolkit. WinDART - The Data Acquisition Module. MWD, LWD, drilling instrumentation and mudlogging. WITS (Wellsite Information Transfer Specification) Repgen - The Report Writing Module.

IHS Mar kit https://www.ihs.com https://ihsmarkit.com/ Oil and gas, geology, geophysics. In this case, we are interested in software from IHS. IHS Petra®: Geological Interpretation Software . ... Advance your E&P workflows to find more oil and gas. Find more oil and gas with Petra, the solution is directly related to IHS important information, taking into account different workflows. Designed by geologists, Petra is the industry's choice tool for geological, engineering and petrophysical analysis. ...

KAI software - K-MINE http://kai.ua/ru/ K-MINE in subsoil use - the most functional and versatile, integrated full-cycle software for geology, mine surveying, engineering support, planning and design of mining operations (GR), support for opencast and underground mining ways, as well as prospecting and exploration work. The system maximizes efficiency and accuracy through ease of use, powerful 3D graphics and the ability to automate labor-intensive mining workflows.
K-MINE satisfies the needs of geologists, surveyors and mining engineers in the extraction of minerals (PI), design and management of the main processes of mining enterprises and can be used for any kind of raw material, geological structure of the deposit, method or method of extraction.

Programs for working with stereographic projections ... These programs are used in mineralogy, crystallography, structural geology, and also wherever it is necessary to analyze a large set of orientations in space.

RockWare Consulting https://www.rockware.com/ RockWorks - Geological modeling software ... LogPlot - Striplog, borehole log plotting. RockWare GIS Link - Cross-section plugin for ArcGIS. AqQA - Water chemistry diagrams. QuickSurf - Gridding & contouring for AutoCAD. CAD software - CAD Viewer, CAD Markup, SymbolCAD, and QA-CAD. Software for every taste and color.

RPMGlobal (ex Runge Mining Pty Ltd and RPM Limited) http://www.rpmglobal.com/ RPMGlobal - is the world der in the provision and development of mining software products, consulting services and professional development..Modular theme, for opencasting, mines and other -HAULNET_TALPAC_DRAGSIM _HAULSIM_XPAC_ and much more ...

SES -Stoner Engineering Software https://makinhole.com/ Well geosteering - geosteeri ng .Petroleum engineering behind diagrams matter. No other software replicates the 3D-logic engines in SES or the subtle, but critically-helpful geosteering interpretation features. Seriously, none have even one of its three industry-unique 3D directional drilling enabling technologies! SES is like the scalpel in your toolbox of oil & gas apps, 3D-slicing exactly where it matters and exposing drilling & reservoir knowledge like no other tool in its class.

Wolfram Research-Wolfram Mathematica software Wolfram Mathematica - The most complete system for modern technical computing in the world. Analog - Matlab ... The Wolfram Solution for Geosciences. Wolfram Mathematica in Geophysical Research and Geology .. Modeling, mapping, mineralogy, petrography, seismic, geostatistics, data analysis and more ...

Software from Chasm Consulting acquired by Howden https://www.howden.com / Ventsim ™ - underground mine ventilation simulation software package developed by Designed to simulate and simulate ventilation, air flows, pressures, heat, gases, financial documents, radon, fire and many other types of ventilation data from a tunnel and shaft model .. Pumpsim ™ software is a pumping simulation tool designed for planning and simulation flow / distribution of fluids in mining, agriculture and the construction industry. CSafe ™ is an integrated suite of software designed to manage personnel, training, hazards, controls, incidents, appointments, and medical supervision and any subsequent actions resulting from these actions.

Data analysis, statistics, plotters, mathematics.
Additional software for geologists, geophysicists, topographers, surveyors, mine surveyors and natural scientists.

DrillSite and other directional profile drawing software. http://www.piterpic.ru/drillsite First of all - software DrillSite allows you to create a project documentation for performing work by the HDD method with automated control of parameters. Atlas Bore planner . HDD calculation program . MDril by Delft GeoSystems MDril .

MIDAS Information Technology http://www.midasit.ru/ http://eng.midasuser.com/ MIDAS Informatio n Technology Co., Ltd. (MIDAS IT) specializes in the development of software for design work and calculations in the field of industrial, civil, transport construction and mechanical engineering calculations. midas GTS NX is a software package designed for complex geotechnical calculations. SoilWorks is a product designed to efficiently perform time-consuming and routine geotechnical calculations, which allows you to quickly model, analyze and obtain results for a wide range of tasks.

Blast Management International. Drill and blast consulting. BLASTPLAN-PRO ™. https://www.blastmanagement.com.au/ Blast Management International provides Australia wide on-site blast co nsulting, nationally recognized shotfirer training and advanced blast design training for open cut coal, and both underground and open cut Metalliferous mines.
Blast Management International provides Australia with broad on-site blast consultancy, nationally recognized blast fighter training and advanced blast design training for open cut coal, and both underground and open cut Metalliferous mines. BLASTPLAN-PRO is a graphically based initiation design and simulation package for Shotfirers and Drill and Blast Engineers.

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GIS software is divided into five main classes used. The first most functionally complete class of software is instrumental GIS. They can be designed for a wide variety of tasks: for organizing the input of information (both cartographic and attributive), its storage (including distributed, supporting network work), processing complex information queries, solving spatial analytical problems (corridors, environments, network tasks, etc.), the construction of derived maps and diagrams (overlay operations) and, finally, to prepare for the output to hard media of original layouts of cartographic and schematic products. As a rule, instrumental GIS supports work with both raster and vector images, have a built-in database for digital basis and attribute information, or support one of the most common databases for storing attribute information: Paradox, Access, Oracle, etc. the products have run time systems that allow you to optimize the necessary functionality for a specific task and reduce the cost of replicating the help systems created with their help. The second important class is the so-called GIS-viewers, that is, software products that provide the use of databases created with the help of instrumental GIS. As a rule, GIS viewers provide the user (if at all) with extremely limited opportunities for updating the databases. All GIS viewers include a database query toolkit that performs the operations of positioning and zooming cartographic images. Naturally, viewers are always an integral part of medium and large projects, allowing you to save the cost of creating a part of jobs that are not endowed with database replenishment rights. The third class is reference cartographic systems (SCS). They combine storage and most of the possible types of visualization of spatially distributed information, contain query mechanisms for cartographic and attributive information, but at the same time significantly limit the user's ability to supplement the built-in databases. Their updating (updating) is cyclical and is usually performed by the SCS supplier for an additional fee. The fourth class of software is spatial modeling tools. Their task is to simulate the spatial distribution of various parameters (relief, zones of environmental pollution, flooding areas during the construction of dams, etc.). They rely on tools for working with matrix data and are equipped with advanced visualization tools. It is typical to have a toolkit that allows you to perform a wide variety of calculations on spatial data (addition, multiplication, calculation of derivatives, and other operations).

The fifth class, which is worth focusing on, is the special means for processing and decrypting earth sounding data. This includes image processing packages that are equipped, depending on the price, with various mathematical tools that allow operations with scanned or digitally recorded images of the earth's surface. This is a fairly wide range of operations, starting with all types of corrections (optical, geometric) through geographic referencing of images up to processing stereopairs with the output of the result in the form of an updated topographic plan. In addition to the classes mentioned, there are also various software tools that manipulate spatial information. These are products such as tools for processing field geodetic observations (packages that provide for interaction with GPS receivers, electronic tachometers, levels and other automated geodetic equipment), navigation tools and software for solving even narrower subject tasks (surveys, ecology, hydrogeology, etc. ). Naturally, other principles of software classification are also possible: by scopes, by cost, support by a certain type (or types) of operating systems, by computing platforms (PCs, Unix workstations), etc. The rapid growth in the number of consumers of GIS technologies for by decentralizing the spending of budgetary funds and attracting more and more new subject areas of their use to them. If until the mid-90s the main market growth was associated only with large projects at the federal level, today the main potential is shifting towards the mass market. This is a global trend: according to the research firm Daratech (USA), the global GIS market for personal computers is currently 121.5 times ahead of the overall growth of the GIS solutions market. The massiveness of the market and the emerging competition lead to the fact that an increasingly high-quality product is offered to the consumer for the same or less price. So, for the leading suppliers of instrumental GIS, it has already become a rule to supply, together with the system, a digital cartographic base of the region where the goods are distributed. And the above classification of software itself has become a reality. Just two or three years ago, the functions of automated vectorization and reference systems could only be realized with the help of developed and expensive instrumental GIS (Arc / Info, Intergraph). A progressive trend towards modularity of systems, allowing for cost optimization for a specific project. Today, even packages that serve a certain technological stage, for example, vectorizers, can be purchased in both a complete and a reduced set of modules, symbol libraries, etc. A number of domestic developments have reached the "market" level. Products such as GeoDraw / GeoGraph, Sinteks / Tri, GeoCAD, EasyTrace not only have a significant number of users, but also have all the attributes of market design and support. In Russian geoinformatics there is a certain critical number of working installations - fifty. Once you have reached it, there are only two ways further: either sharply upward, increasing the number of your users, or leaving the market due to the inability to provide the necessary support and development to your product. Interestingly, all the mentioned programs cater to the lower price level; in other words, they found the optimal ratio between the price and the pressure of functionality specifically for the Russian market.

With the development of Internet technologies, geographic information systems are becoming increasingly important both for personal use and for large-scale enterprises. At the same time, GIS is now provided with modern software. Technical support is carried out from different points - from programs for drawing and designing circuits, ending with images from satellite dishes.

GIS - what is it

The acronym stands for Geographic Information Systems. The goal of these projects is a series of actions with spatial data:

• collecting them through photographs from various sources;
• storage on different media, accumulation and subsequent transfer;
• analysis, clarification, correction of changes;
• 2D and 3D visualization.

The development of technologies is ensured by the science of geoinformatics - a symbiosis of geography and informatics.

Main features of GIS:

• work with a database that is constantly replenished and updated;
• spatial 3D-map, its overview.

Also added to this are additional features, for example:

• navigation (with location determination);
• route path;
• analysis of land plots;
• DB for cadastral engineers and surveyors.

The work is constantly carried out with both raster and vector sources, and all information goes in layers according to georeferencing.

Benefits of creating geographic information systems using software

Here are the pros of using GIS:

• large analytical resource;
• many tools for processing and using information;
• easy perception of user data (visual clarity);
• automated summaries and reports on selected parameters;
• decoding of information obtained from aerial and satellite imagery;
• significant savings in time, money and labor resources due to free access;
• the ability to remotely and quickly create a 3D model of any object;
• automatic data entry;
• assembly of reports in the form of tables or diagrams;
• determination of the presence or absence of buildings within the specified coordinates;
• study of geospatial information - population density, the number of industrial buildings per percentage of residential premises, etc.

Geographic information systems are used by a wide range of people, using computer programs or applications for gadgets.

Users:

• Cadastral engineers. Their field of activity is a survey of land plots, their analysis, cadastre, land surveying, location of borders, intersections, resolving controversial issues, drawing up acts, entering into Rosreestr.
• Entrepreneurs who own networks of objects - shops, gas stations, factories or any other points with a connection between them. This simplifies planning, management, and plans for expanding or decreasing the system.
• Engineering surveys: geological, geographical, environmental and others. Specialists get the opportunity through GIS programs to create a list of sites and their features in the relief, landscape.
• Developers and designers of buildings from the beginning or renovations of buildings.
• Architects.
• Cartographers. GIS helps to create maps of any format for any part of the terrain with more or less detail on various topics - routers, landscapes, etc.
• Navigators and drivers of any transport - land, air, water.
• Private users - more and more often ordinary citizens use electronic resources to find their way.

Additional areas:

• Environmental activities - environmental monitoring, resource management, all areas of nature.
• Geology and mining of mountain ore - development of deposits.
• Analytics of possible emergencies.
• Wars and Security Agencies - Developing a strategy with electronic resources becomes easier.
• Agriculture.

gregory_k writes:

And I would recommend looking at the geosearch. For 1 million there licenses 3 or 4 you can buy. Their support is great. The interface is really "not for everybody" there, and the names of the menu items are just ugly. But the multi-well processing in geo-search is of high quality. It seems there is everything that you described in the requirements. About the limitation on the size of the base - it's true: 32000 curves per base. An open trunk works in geo-search for us, people seem to be happy. I also want to say well about prime. Our bosses wanted to transfer the fishers to geo-search, so they raised such a howl that, probably, the prime is a very good program. And I would not recommend Tehlog, tk. customers love seam processing. Techlog for her, like any foreign software, is poorly adapted.

gregory_k, from your comment it is not entirely clear what you are using. Or is this feedback from an outside observer? He worked at Geopoisk about 4 years ago. Since I worked for a long time, I dare to comment on this software. 1. The license is really very cheap - 397 thousand, which is indicated on the off. site. For a million you can buy 3 pieces. 2. The low price is due to the fact that the team of creators is very small. The Tulchinsky brothers rule everything. As a result of such a small team for 7 !!! years in the program, almost NOTHING has changed! Do you believe that if you need to change or add something in the program, this will happen? Yes, and very many are not happy with the support at the moment, although I am sure that the Tulchin scripts do not write clean scripts correctly and quickly. We must pay tribute, well done. 3. The theoretical size of the database is impressive, BUT ask REAL users how they are doing. Most of the users try to split the base into 50-100 wells. Otherwise, stability problems begin! If this thread is viewed by Geopoisk users, I hope they will comment on this fact. Maybe someone will give an example of a really working project with the number of wells, let's say, more than 1000. It would be interesting. 4. The people are happy with everything they are used to. In one wonderful office, people work on DOS software for interpretation, in which the mouse is not even supported and claim that there is nothing better ... The question is in the habit and efficiency of work. Someone has the task of making 2 wells a day at random, while someone does 20 with an analysis of the quality of the input and output data. 5. Once again - do not confuse multi-well calculation in the calculator and multi-well treatment. The first one in Geopoisk is implemented coolly, but the same can be done even directly in any database. But processing and analysis in multi-well mode is implemented very primitively. A simple question - how long does it take in Geopoisk to make a correlation of 5 wells with all curves, rigs, lithology, saturation, interlayers, and is it possible to quickly go over all this correlate and correct readings, lithology, breakdowns, etc., looking at neighbors? I think that it is not even theoretically possible or, at least, it is so difficult and time-consuming that no one does that))) PRIME is a fishing industry, for which it was originally created. There are interesting moments, but I recommend to work in it and do standard things - loading, visualization, calculations, unloading. Everything will fall into place. Just try it. Regarding the Techlog and the posting, I am ready to argue with examples. Compared the results of automatic breakdown made in Solver, Geopoisk and Techlog. The smallest adjustments are required for the Techlog results. And lastly. And why are we again focusing only on the interpretation of standard logs? It's no secret that almost every field now has at least a single record of NMR, broadband acoustics, microscanners, and imported standard logging. What will you do with this in Geopoisk-Prime? But the cost of carrying out ONE research with the same microscanner is quite comparable to the cost of a good software license. Why do we still not think about the fact that the petrophysical model can be made based on all the data, and not only on the standard complex ... I'm not even talking about the Baker, Halov, slum or anyone else complex ... Russian almost similar devices. Maybe it's time to think about how to take a step further? But no, we still stand on the assertion that petrophysics is Excel. And you need to interpret everything one by one, as a result, in the geological model, getting a bunch of data inconsistent with each other ... Sorry, it's boiling)))