How to make a network non-public. What is the Difference Between Public and Private Networks

This article will describe three ways to change the network type (network location) on Windows 8.

Windows operating systems starting with Vista use different network profiles to provide greater network security. Windows 7 had Public Network and Home Network profiles. In Windows 8, the "Home Network" profile was renamed to "Private Network".

The Public Network profile imposes large quantity restrictions on data transmission over the network. For example, a homegroup cannot be created on a public network. The Home Network (Private Network) profile has fewer of these restrictions.

Open the "Network Control Center" (right button on the network icon in the system tray) and you will see there:

In these illustrations, the network name is highlighted ( Network) and its type - public and private. In Microsoft terminology, the type of network is called "network location". That is, everywhere in Windows interface signatures like "network location Public" or "network location Private".

By default, when you create a new network, Windows assigns it the Public Network profile.

When you connect to any network, Windows 8 issues a request like this:

If you click the "Yes" button, the network type will be assigned the "Private" type. But if you click "No" or ignore this request, then Windows 8 will assign this network type "Public".

If only the Internet passes through the network, then it makes no difference what type of network.

However, when connecting computers to a local network, the type already matters. It may be necessary to change the network type (profile) from "Public" to "Private" (Home) to reduce the restrictions on data transfer on this network. Data transfer refers to the transfer of files between computers, the sharing of shared resources such as a printer.

In Windows 7, you could change the network type directly in the "Network and Sharing Center", but in Windows 8 this option is not. If you need to change the network type under Windows 8, you need to do it in other places.

There are several options.

Change network to private via Windows 8 settings

Quite cumbersome, but the "official" way, it is to use the standard features in Windows settings 8. Now, unlike Windows 7, the network type setting is hidden deep. To get there, you need to open side panel(for example, using the Win + I keys) and there click on "Change computer settings":

Then click on "Network":

Then click on "Connections" and in the right panel click on the icon with the name of the desired network:

After that, a screen will open in which you need to turn on the network type switch:

Position " On"changes the network type to" Private". Position" Off"changes the network type to" Public".

Change network to private via local policies

Another way. Open Local Security Policies:

• Or through the Control Panel - Administrative Tools.
• Or Windows + R on your keyboard, then secpol.msc and Enter.

There you need to open a policy that has the same name as the network you need (the very first screenshot of this article):

Then, in the properties of this policy, open the "Network location" tab and specify the location type and user permission there:

Important! User permission must be set exactly as indicated in the screenshot - "User cannot change". With other options, the setting will not work.

Change network type in Windows 8 via registry

The easiest and fastest is to edit windows registry... But at the same time, this is the most unsafe way. If you do not know how to handle the registry, then read the article to the end and use safer methods.

You need to find the key in the registry HKLM \ SOFTWARE \ Microsoft \ Windows NT \ CurrentVersion \ NetworkList \ Profiles.

This key must contain at least one key with a type name (84464 ..... E00)... Each such key corresponds to one network that is displayed in the "Network Control Center". You can correlate the key with the desired network by the parameter " ProfileName". This parameter contains the name of the network, which is displayed in the" Network and Sharing Center ".

If you have several profiles in the "Network Control Center", then by parameter ProfileName"find the required key and, in this key, change the value of the parameter" Category".

Parameter values ​​" Category"can be as follows:

• 0 - "Public network".
• 1 - "Private network".
• 2 - Domain network.

Change the "Category" parameter to one of these values ​​and close the editor. If immediately after this the network type has not changed in the "Network and Control Center" then restart Windows.

Ivan Sukhov, 2014, 2016

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Many people who are just starting to master a computer are not familiar with the concept of "network type". When they connect to any point on the Internet, they don't know which one to choose: public or private. What are the characteristics of these types of networks? Which one to stop at? Are there any other types? How do I change the type if necessary if you have Windows 10?

Network type: what is it

In various versions of Windows, in particular, starting with Vista, users have the right to choose a so-called network profile. This is the type of network. Its third name is "network location" - the official term used by Microsoft.

A network profile is a special set of settings for two standard Windows services: Local Security Policy and Firewall. After enabling one or another profile, these services themselves reconfigure to provide the level of security that corresponds to the newly activated network type.

Thus, it is necessary to determine the type of network in order to ensure the safety of the computer in certain conditions of using the Internet. The network location is selected based on the location of the device (home, cafe, work, etc.).

What types of networks exist

Windows users can choose from the following types networks:

1. "Private network". This type had a different name before the appearance Windows versions 8 - "Home network". OS customers use it mostly at home, where users and devices trust each other. In this regard, the "operating system" does not install high level security: activation of the detection of devices that are located from each other on short distance(that is, they see each other), access to shared network documents and printers is allowed. The computer rarely reminds its users to be careful to keep the computer safe. In this profile, you can create your own "Home group" - combining several devices under the control of an administrator who can deny access to certain shared resources for some users, and allow others, on the contrary. In the "Private Network" devices see each other and can exchange data
2. "Work network" or "Enterprise network". This profile is very similar to the "Home Network", as here the level of trust is just as high: users can freely print text and other files to the printer, as well as open shared documents. This network has a system administrator who oversees security. The only difference is that in the "Work network" you cannot make a "Home group", therefore, if the latter is not necessary, it does not matter which one to choose - home or work.
3. "Public network", "Public network" or "Shared network". By the name, you can identify the places in which this type is used: airports, libraries, cafes, cinemas, etc. This profile protects the computer as much as possible: it becomes invisible to other devices that are nearby, which means it is extremely difficult to access it. Also, the system is effectively configured to repel virus attacks and unauthorized intrusion into the PC memory. It is obvious that in this type you cannot make a "Homegroup", as it completely excludes the sharing of shared data and devices (for example, printers), as well as the transfer of files. The "public network" must also be installed if used mobile connection.
   The Public Network profile is used in crowded places: cafes, restaurants, airports, libraries, etc.
4. Domain network. It is installed in workplaces in various organizations. This network location assumes centralized control and management of computers in a large enterprise. There is always a master PC - "Domain Controller", which determines which files this or that slave computer will have access to. In this type of network, the host PC also decides which sites users can visit and which cannot.
   In the "Domain" network, computers are subordinate to the master device - "Domain Controller"

Since the "Public network" has the highest level of security, when creating a new network on a PC (the first connection to it), the system wants to assign it a public type by default. A panel appears on the left side of the PC screen, where the system asks the user if he wants other devices to see his PC.

If you click on the "Yes" button, the system will enable the "Private Network" profile. When you click on the "No" button, the computer will operate in the maximum security mode, that is, in the "Public network".

In Windows 10, Work Network and Home Network have been merged into one - the Private profile.

How to change network type on Windows 10

Even in the "seven", users had the opportunity, if necessary, to change the network profile directly in the "Network Control Center" window, which was launched through the "Control Panel". In the top ten it is necessary to apply already other methods for this purpose.

Through Windows settings

For beginners, the best way is to change the Windows settings themselves, in particular, in the "Options" window. How to launch it on the screen and in which sections to open it? Let's consider in detail in the instructions:

1. Click on the "Start" button, which is located in the lower left corner, to launch the system menu of the same name. In it, click on the gear icon located above the button to turn off the PC.
   Click on the gear in the Start menu to open the Windows settings»
2. As a result, a large Windows Settings window will appear on the screen. It can be called with a special keyboard shortcut: Win + I. Among all the tiles, select "Network and Internet", which is located in the first row of the fourth.
   Click on the "Network and Internet" tile
3. Switch to the Ethernet block and click on the network to which you are connected.
   Click on the current network in the Ethernet tab
4. On the page that opens, choose between "Public" and "Private", depending on what level of security you need to surf the Internet. You do not need to restart the device after making changes: they take effect immediately.
   Choose one of two items: "Public" or "Private"

Through the "Local Security Policy" window

Changing the network type is also possible in the window in which various security policies are available. Let's consider the procedure step by step:

1. To launch the window we need, we hold down two keys: Win and R. In the universal window to launch standard Windows Panels we write the code secpol.msc. After that, click on OK or on Enter on the keyboard.
   Paste secpol.msc in the Open box
2. If the first method of launch does not work, use the second. Call the "Control Panel" and find the "Administrative Tools" object in the list. If the display mode is "Small icons", the section will be in the last column first.
   Find the item "Administration" in the list
3. V " Windows Explorer"Find the item" Local Security Policy "and double-click it.
   Double-click the Local Security Policy window
4. In the window, go to the fourth block called "Network List Manager Policies". On a small list, the last item will be your network. We click on it once with the right mouse button to bring up a menu with options, in which we select the "Properties" item.
   Select the first item "Properties" in the context menu
5. Here we switch directly to the last block "Network location". If you want to set a private network profile, for the first parameter we select the second value "Personal": we put a round mark to the left of it. A third value is required for the "User Permissions" item.
   In the "Network Location" tab, select the values ​​"Personal" and "User cannot exclude location"
6. Click on "Apply", and then on OK, so that all the changes made are immediately saved.
7. Alternatively, if you would like to make the network public, check the box next to General. In the second, set a value with the ability to change the location.

Using the "Registry Editor"

This method is suitable for more advanced PC users, since it involves working in important service Windows "Registry Editor", the functioning of the device itself depends on the well-coordinated work of which. It is necessary to edit records here as carefully as possible, clearly following the instructions:

1. Open the familiar Run window again using the Win and R key combination. This time, we type a simpler code to launch the Registry Editor: regedit. Now press Enter or OK.
   Write the regedit command in the Run window
2. We allow the editor to make changes on the device by clicking on the "Yes" button.
   Click on the "Yes" button to allow the "Registry Editor" to make changes on your device
3. In the left narrow pane of the window, double-click on the third branch of HKLM.
   Open the HKLM branch in the editor window
4. Now you need to carefully open the following blocks in strict sequence: SOFTWARE - Microsoft - Windows NT - CurrentVersion - NetworkList - Profiles.
   In the Profiles section there will be one or more folders corresponding to the networks to which your PC was connected
5. The last open partition must have at least one folder. As a rule, there are many more of them in the list. Each of them corresponds to a particular network to which the device was connected earlier. The system gives them names in the form (95476… ..E08).
6. The user's current network usually comes first. To verify this, look at the "Value" of the last parameter in this folder called ProfileName. It must match the name of your network.
   Please select desired folder among those available using the ProfileName entry
7. When you find the correct folder in the Profiles block, open it and find the Category registry entry. She will be at the top of the list. Click on it with the right mouse button or twice with the left. In the first case, in the small gray context menu, click on "Change".
   Select the "Change" option in the context menu
8. A window will open on top of the editor. In the line "Value" we write one of the following numbers, depending on what type of network you want to install:
   • 0 - "Public network";
   • 1 - "Private network";
   • 2 - "Domain network".
9. Click on OK, close the window and restart the device.
   Enter the required number in the "Value" line

Through PowerShell

Standard Windows utility PowerShell provides an alternative to " Command line", With the help of which users can perform a wide variety of actions on a PC: from launching applications to changing system parameters. PowerShell allows you to install a different network profile using certain codes:

1. Launch a panel called " Windows Search"Through the magnifying glass icon located to the right of the Start button. In the line, we print the PowerShell request. The system will immediately display the desired service in the search results. Write a PowerShell query in the search bar
2. Click on it with the right mouse button and in the gray menu, click on the first option "Run as administrator". In the gray menu, select the option "Run as administrator"
3. We allow the editor to make changes on the computer: click on "Yes".
4. First, we need to find out the index of your current network for which you want to change the type. To do this, insert the short command get-NetConnectionProfile.
   In the PowerShell window, paste the command get-NetConnectionProfile
5. The system will display the required data. Remember the digit of the InterfaceIndex parameter.
   Remember the number in the InterfaceIndex parameter
6. Now it's time to change the network profile. If you want to install "Public Network", copy and paste the following longer code: Set-NetConnectionProfile -InterfaceIndex "Interface Number" -NetworkCategory Public. Instead of a number, you must write the number that you memorized in the previous step of this instruction.
   Enter the command Set-NetConnectionProfile -InterfaceIndex "Interface Number" -NetworkCategory Public and insert the number corresponding to the InterfaceIndex parameter
7. Alternatively, if you want to make the network private, type Private instead of Public at the end of the code. We also insert the individual interface number.
   Replace Public with Private in the command to enable "Private Network"
8. To execute the code, you just need to press Enter on your keyboard. All changes will take effect immediately.

Video: how to install a different network profile in Windows 10 using different methods

How to set the network type for Wi-Fi

Set up a different type of network connection to Wi-Fi point Alternatively, in the Windows Settings window. However, here it is necessary to use a different section corresponding to wireless networks. The procedure is simple and will not take much time:

What type of network to install depends on where you are at the moment. The "public network" is the most secure, as in public places the chances of being violated and hacked are the highest. You can choose the Private profile if you are at home or at work. You can change the type at any time in several ways. The easiest and most convenient one is through the Windows Settings window.

Problems with defining a network as " Unidentified network", Arising from users of Windows version 7, lead to the impossibility of providing general access to the files you need and folders. The solution to this problem is carried out standard means the operating system itself.

Instructions

This story began with my purchase of a small, only 8 ports, but fast, 1 Gb / s on each port + internal speed of work up to 13.6 Gb / s, switch.
I brought it home, unpacked it and connected it to the network so that my old router (aka 100 Mb / s switch, aka access point) would no longer look directly at my main PC, but at the new switch.
Why did I do this?
Yes, because I got a home NAS a little earlier and now 100 MB / s is not enough for me and I decided that it was time to increase the speed of work home network.

The first evening everything was great.
Data just flew over the network.
The speed of the NAS has become remarkable.
And I was quietly happy.

The next day, my Widows 7 PC couldn't find the internet.
From the word in general.

And I went to the Internet (from a laptop, since it worked fine on WiFi and for him everything was the same as before).
On the Internet, I found only articles like this.
There is a solution here, but it is suitable for Windows 7 Professional, and I have "Home advanced" at home.
The difference between these versions is that the valiant marketers from MS decided not to put all the software in the kit for the home version.
For example, the utility for editing local policies in the home versions, mentioned in the solution, simply does not exist.
So these solutions didn't work for me.

And I decided to figure it out on my own - is it possible to solve this problem with only what is in the home version of Windows 7.
And you know, I defeated her :)

It turned out the following: Windows 7 for some reason decided that since it is now looking at an unfamiliar device, it means that this connection must be considered an unfamiliar public network.
However, the home network did not disappear (after all, the router was still on the network and did not change the addresses).

Remark:
Unlike Windows XP, these "wonderful" types of networks directly affect how the built-in FireWall works.
That is, if the network is in the "Public" mode, then there will be such restrictions that it will be practically impossible to work with it.

Put away new network it was possible if you turn it off and on network adapter.
But doing this EVERY time you turn on your PC is tiring.
So it was necessary to look for another way out.
It took me about an hour to search.
And now I can help you with this problem.

Action plan

1) Open the "Network and Sharing Center"

2) Click the left mouse button (LMB) on the "house" of our old network.

4) We see our good old network. We will need to remove it. But now, unfortunately, it will not be possible to do this. By the way, there may be more networks here if you have a VPN, for example. It may not be:)

5) Close the window with the list of networks, and leave the window "Network properties settings" (the one that opened after the LMB on the "house") open. We still need it, but it will be impossible to open it.

6) In a separate window, open the list of network adapters.

7) Disable our network adapter (whoever has more than one - select the one through which you are connected to the problem network).

8) After that, you need to return to the "Network Properties Settings" window (remember, we left it open) and reopen the "Merge or Remove Network Locations".

9) See, now we can delete our old network. So let's do it. After that, use the "OK" buttons to close both windows.

10) Turn the network adapter back on. The PC will find the network, but will not be able to identify it, which is exactly what we wanted.

11) Now we click LMB on the inscription "Public network" (now it will work as a link). And lo and behold, we can choose the type of network!

12) Choose the type "Home" (well, or "Working" if you are at work).

13) In principle, everything. But for beauty, you can also set a name for the connection. To do this, click LMB on "House" and set a new network name.

14) Close the window with the "OK" button.

This concludes the process.
And your network is working normally again :)

If you have any questions, please read the comments :)

This is my backup log.

I would be happy to comment in either of the two magazines.
After all, since you comment, then you like it.

Hello, friends! In this article, we will touch on the network configuration in the operating room Windows system 7. Namely, let's deal with home groups. This feature in Windows 7 makes it easier to share information between users on your home network. Here we will analyze the setting of IP addresses for computers so that you can create a homegroup and configure network location. Let's see how to create home groups, how to join them and, naturally, how to share directories so that other users can work with them. We will also consider the place from where it is convenient to control the shared resources on your PC. Hopefully, after reading this article, you can easily set up a home network between Windows 7 computers.

Firstly In order for computers to work properly in the network, it is necessary to synchronize the time between them. On all computers in the network necessary set the current time and make sure that it does not go astray.

Secondly... It is necessary to assign IP addresses to computers so that they are on the same network. This function is usually assigned to a router or router. Then he assigns an address from the specified range to each connected computer. If you do not have a router, then you need to configure the addresses manually.

This is done as follows

1. In the notification area, left-click on the icon Network... In the window that opens, click on the link Network and Sharing Centeraccess

In the opened Network and Sharing Center, on the left side, click

In the window that opens, all network connections your computer. Choose the connection through which you will connect in your home network. This can be a wired network connection, without wired network or something else. Select it with the left mouse button and call the context menu right click mice. We choose Properties

In the Network window that opens, we need to check the Client for Microsoft networks, File and Printer Sharing Service for Microsoft networks and Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP / IPv4)... Select the last one and press the button Properties

In the TCP / IP properties, select Use the following IP address... In the IP address field, enter the address and subnet mask (for example, such as in the figure IP - 192.168.0.1 and subnet mask - 255.255.255.0)

In the window that opens, check the box Get the most last funds troubleshoot online

A lot of people work at Microsoft so that we can fix common errors with this tool.

Now, when you're having trouble with more than just your homegroup, you can take advantage of the very latest tools.

The homegroup has been created, the settings have been specified. Now you need to connect the rest of the computers on the network.

On the computer that we want to connect to the Homegroup, we will find this item

Since the group has already been created, we will be offered Join

We set the libraries that we want to make publicly available and click Further

In the next window enter the password to the home group and click Further