Homemade device for determining baht. Devices for the search for acupuncture points. I. General Provisions

Methods are widely used to correct the state of the body stimulation of biologically active points(BAT). or acupuncture points. (This has already been discussed in the article The device for reflexology).

Difficulties in applying these methods arise due to the difficulty of finding these very biological points on the human body, since their area does not exceed 1 mm2.

By controlling the resistance of the skin areas in the places where the BAP is supposed to be located with the proposed device, it is possible to find them easily and unambiguously. The device is housed in a metal case with dimensions 96x38x39 mm. The building contains electrical circuit, battery and switch. An insulator of the active search electrode is fixed on one end side of the housing, and indication LEDs on the other side. The passive electrode is metal case, which is held in hand when searching for BAT.
The figure shows diagram of a device for finding biologically active points on the human body.

An active search electrode is connected to the inverting input of the DA1 comparator. Resistor R1 determines the input impedance of the device, capacitor C1 serves to filter pickups, resistor R2 limits the current of the indicator LEDs HL1 ... HL3. The variable resistor R4 regulates the voltage supplied to the human body (through the fingers holding the body of the device). Resistors R3 and R5 limit the voltage variation. The voltage between the search and passive electrodes is no more than 5 V, the current is no more than 0.5 μA. The current consumption of the device in standby mode is 1 mA. and if the LEDs are on - 5 ... bma.

The device is made on a printed circuit board, the drawing of which is shown in Fig. 2. All parts are located on it, except for the LEDs and the battery. The board is designed for the use of a variable resistor SPZ-9a, it is installed on the board on an L-shaped bracket. A scale (for example, 10 divisions) can be glued near the handle of the resistor. The rest of the resistors are of MLT type. power on button - microswitch MP-7. LEDs - AL307B. The device is powered by the Krona battery.
The design of the search electrode allows you to normalize its pressure on the skin surface. A drawing of an insulator with a search electrode installed in it is shown in Fig. 3. The insulator is made of organic glass, ebonite or fluoroplastic, and a pin from the ШР connector (02 mm) is best suited for the electrode. These connectors have silver-plated contacts.
For the convenience of finding points on the surface of the head, back or legs. it is better to make one of the LEDs remote and connect it to the body with wires 0.5 ... 1 m long. If you are looking for BAPs in a visible area of the skin. then after finding the point, you can slightly press
on the electrode. Then a clearly visible imprint of the insulator will remain on the surface of the skin, the center of which will be the desired BAP.

The work of the stimulator is based on the effect that in the place where the active point is located close to the surface of the skin, the resistance of the human body decreases sharply.

This can be easily checked even with an ordinary tester, which is turned on to measure the maximum resistance (usually 2 megohms), if you hold one of its probe in your hand and touch the other with different parts of the body. The resistance of different sections will differ quite noticeably. Thus, the operation of the device is based on the effect of changing the resistance of different parts of the body.

Several drawings of maps of acupuncture points on the body

The circuit is a simple pulse generator, the frequency of which is determined by the RC circuit. Here, R is the resistance at this particular point of the human body. Since the resistance at different points is different, then the generation frequency will also be noticeably different. The lower the resistance of the skin area, the higher the frequency. Therefore, the procedure for finding a biologically active point (BAP) consists in finding a point area of the skin where the LED blinking frequency and the sound of the piezo emitter will become the highest. In this case, one of the electrodes is metal plate on the body of the device (or the body of the device itself, if it is metal), providing reliable contact with the hand, and the second is a metal pin, by moving it along the skin and looking for BAPs. Power can be from any batteries or accumulators with a voltage of 4.5 to 12 V.

On a microcircuit assembled simplest generator impulses. It can be a digital MS of the K561LA7 type (shown in the diagram). It contains 4 NAND elements in one housing. You can apply others, for example, K561LA9, where 2 elements AND-NOT, but with three inputs:

The power of the generated pulses with such a microcircuit will increase. Or others, similar to MC series 561, 174, 164, 155. But you should take into account the possibility of a different pinout and voltage range of the microcircuit. MS with OR-NOT elements are also suitable:

The diode bridge generates pulses of a certain polarity. Its diodes can be any low-power, for example, KD520, 521, 522, etc. The LED indicator is also any, the brightness of its glow can be adjusted by the VR1 trimmer (its resistance cannot be reduced to zero, otherwise the LED may burn out!) Therefore, it is better to choose a constant resistor of the desired value. The piezo emitter can be installed or not. It does not affect the normal operation of the device in any way and is only needed for sound indication of the device operation, if necessary. It can be of the types ZP-1, ZP-2, ZP-4, ZP-5.

Printed circuit board and parts arrangement

Download the drawing of the board here. The homemade stimulator does not require any adjustment. Connect the power supply and, if all elements are in good working order, it starts working immediately. In the initial state, when the resistance between the electrodes is high, the generator generates nothing. The LED can be on continuously, or not at all. When the probes are touched, generation starts. The LED starts blinking more often, the lower the resistance between the probes and, therefore, the closer the biologically active point. When hitting directly on the BAP point, the LED blinks at the maximum frequency. When used in a sound emitter circuit, the sound also reaches its maximum frequency. When the probe is held on the BAP, it is stimulated by a pulsed current.

In the special literature and other sources there are recommendations on which pulses of what polarity are best to influence the BAP. As a rule, it is recommended to act with negative impulses. In this case, the second, positive electrode should be held in the hand, or applied to another place (this should be obtained from a doctor). You can add a switch to the device for convenience and use it to change the polarity of the impulses. How to do this is shown in the figure below:

The electrostimulator can be assembled in any suitable plastic or metal case. If the case is metal, then one of the electrodes should be connected to the case. If the case is made of dielectric, then a metal plate or foil should be glued to it, connected to one of the electrodes.

Video about electronic acupuncture stimulator

Below are photos of a possible design of the device, assembled in a small electrical switching box.

DEVICES FOR FINDING ACUPUNCTURE POINTS WITH YOUR OWN HANDS

Two simple schemes of devices for finding biologically active points

Below, two are suggested simple schemes devices for finding acupuncture (biologically active) points of a person. These devices use the search for points by their conductivity (resistance). In acupuncture points, there is a relatively low electrical resistance, fixed on an area of about 2 mm2 and equal to approximately 800 kΩ and below, and already at a distance of 2 mm from this point, the resistance increases to approximately 1.4 MΩ. The actual resistance values may fluctuate from those indicated by ± 20%.

Increased pain sensitivity is also characteristic of acupuncture points.

The device "Bio-search" (Fig. 1) is made on the K561LA7 microcircuit. On element DD1.1 a threshold element is made, on elements DD1.2, DD1.3 - a generator that controls the operation of the indication. LED AL307 and a small-sized loudspeaker such as DEMSH or TM-2 are used as indicators.

The active electrode is a piece of brass rod or thick brass wire 03 mm and 12 cm long. It is inserted into any plastic or wooden tube (the body of the pen, from which the writing rod is removed, is suitable). A connecting wire is also soldered to the probe. The front, working part of the stylus, protruding from the fountain pen to a length of about 1 cm, should be rounded and well polished.

When searching for acupuncture points, you need to smoothly, without pressure, drive the probe over the skin - like a pencil on paper, holding the bracelet in the other hand. For a trial search of points, you can try to drive the probe along the outside of the hand. The points located near the nails of each of the fingers are usually easily detected with this device.

The device "Micro-ELAP" (Fig. 2) can be used both in the search mode for acupuncture points and in the treatment mode. You need to feed "Micro-ELAP" only from rechargeable batteries or batteries. This device cannot be powered from the mains, even through a transformer! Switch S2 sets the positive or negative polarity of the probe (active electrode) relative to the bracelet (passive).

The device "Micro-ELAP" has a pointer and sound indication. On the elements DD1.1, DD1.2, a generator is made to search for points with a pulse signal. The generator on the elements DD1.3, DD1.4 is used for indication. Pulse signal frequency in the range 0.9 ... 10 Hz. When searching, when the probe hits the acupuncture point, there is a sharp decrease in resistance between the bracelet and the probe. This leads to the fact that the control input of the sound generator, assembled on the elements DD1.3, DD1.4, receives high level allowing it to work.

It is advisable to adjust the device so that the current through the pointer indicator PA1 does not exceed 15 μA. The Micro-ELAP device uses a microammeter with a 100 µA total deviation drain. If the device is used only in the point search mode, then a 50 μA microammeter can be used. For a more detailed acquaintance with electro-acupuncture, it is advisable to familiarize yourself with special literature, for example, p.

1. Voll R. Topographic position of measurement points during electro-acupuncture. - M .: Techart, 1993.

We equip a private house

Devices for electropuncture

Therefore, using such a device at home is difficult to harm. Using simple sets of points from the atlases on acupressure and reference books on oriental reflexology, you can get good results in the treatment of some diseases, in the removal of pain syndromes. Effective treatment of lumbago and sciatica (tested on their own experience), with pain in the joints. Of course, it is unrealistic to treat chronic diseases at home without medical education, but it is quite possible to help yourself and your loved ones in some situations.

The design of the device is a plastic case with working panel, on which the measuring head of the microammeter and control knobs are located. One of the device connectors is connected to a copper electrode (which is convenient to hold in the hand), the other connector is connected to a movable probe electrode, which is a plastic handle with a silver-plated electrode with a diameter of about 3 mm, which is placed on the BAP. The device is powered by a 9 volt battery of the "Krona" type.

The search for biologically active points is carried out according to the atlas, after some time the skill and knowledge of the main points is acquired.

By short-circuiting the probes to each other, the "Current" knob sets a short-circuit current of about 80 microamperes. Then the copper electrode is taken in the hand opposite to the side where the BAP is located, the movable electrode is placed on the point with slight pressure. The current at a biologically active point almost does not depend on the state of the skin, but mainly depends on the state of the meridian, its ability to pass energy, on the purity and health of the body. In the first few seconds after installing the movable electrode, the device shows an insignificant current (1-10 μA), there are no sensations.

After some time, a pleasant (or painful) tingling sensation begins, and the needle of the device begins to rise to a value of about 60 μA. It is necessary to hold it for a few seconds until the values are fixed, then “pump” the point using polarity reversal. To do this, press the "polarity reversal" button and hold it, observing the point's reaction to the polarity change using the device. She makes a small quick surge, then, after thinking a little, begins to reduce the current to very small values. After waiting for the arrow to drop, release the button and wait for the current to rise to 60 μA.

Thus, we "pump" the biologically active point. During these manipulations, there may be some pain syndromes at the point; in case of severe pain, you just need to reduce the current. As a rule, the most painful points are those that are responsible for the diseased organ.

The above-described behavior of the current in the BAP during treatment and polarity reversal takes place at a "healthy" point. If there are deviations from the norm, then the arrow behaves differently. The point may not "break through" for a very long time, that is, not go to the current flow mode of 60 μA, and the response to the polarity change may be different. This indicates a deviation in the BAP state, therefore, it is necessary to periodically influence it.

A common device for electropuncture, the so-called Lednev-Usachev device, published in the FIS journal, is presented in Diagram 1. The diagram is so simple that it does not require a description. The current is regulated by a variable resistor, an additional resistor is needed to prevent an accidental short circuit when setting the current. The button is used to reverse the polarity. It is convenient to power the device from a 9-volt "Krona" battery, it is small in size and lasts for a long time.

For a more effective "punching" of the impact point, a device circuit with a short-term increase in the applied voltage is used. When you press the "breakdown" button, three times the battery voltage is applied to the BAP. For an effective "breakdown" of the BAP, we briefly press the button several times, observing the behavior of the arrow. With an increase in the current and the appearance of a tingling, release the button and then carry out a regular treatment of the point. A diagram of a device for electropuncture with a "breakdown" function is shown in diagram 2.

In this scheme, an increase in the applied voltage is carried out due to a series connection of pre-charged capacities. When the “breakdown” button is released, the capacities are charged up to the battery voltage; when the button is pressed, they are switched on sequentially. To limit the current at increased voltage, another additional resistor is used.

When working with BAPs, it is often necessary to analyze the state of "untreated" points or to first find "excited" BAPs. So the points responsible for certain internal organs, when symptoms of a disease of this organ appear, they have a reduced electrical resistance, and can be detected using a special search unit. This is due to the need for primary diagnosis of BAP and is used in practice. For these purposes, made following diagram the device (diagram 3) with a transistor search unit, which gives an indication of the state of the point by the glow of the signal LED and by sound signal... The signal trigger current is calibrated according to a known "healthy" point, then the search for "excited" BAPs is performed. In many cases, reverse polarity search is effective. For this, the device has a fixed polarity switch. The rest of the device circuit and work with it are the same.

Such a device is already quite enough to effectively influence biologically active points, "treating" them.

The effect on BAP can be tonic and sedative. In oriental reflexology (acupuncture) this is achieved with different types of needles and exposure time. In electropuncture, a tonic or sedative effect is achieved by using impulse exposure. Studies have revealed what frequencies and polarities of the impacting impulses and during what time produce this or that effect. Therefore, for efficient operation, a pulse generator was added to the device. A graduated frequency switch and a pulse type switch are used to control the generator.

And, to make the device completely professional, a block of electropunctural diagnostics according to Ryodorak has been added to it. This requires a 12 volt battery, a time delay circuit (3-4 sec) and a current meter up to 200 microamperes.

A diagram of such a device is shown in Figure 4.

Having such a device, any attending physician practicing electropuncture will be able to diagnose and carry out the necessary treatment. Methods of data processing, analysis of the state of the meridians, the appointment of points of influence and modes, this is a separate and very large topic.

If computer technology is available, this can be done programmatic methods, which accelerates data processing. This is already a topic of great medicine and scientific dissertations.

DIY electroacupuncture device

Amateur electropuncture devices

The article is addressed mainly to medical radio amateurs (especially neurologists, neurophysiologists, reflexologists), as well as radio amateurs interested in biophysics. Those who are interested in the outlined questions or who are already professionally engaged in electropuncture should make efforts to independently find theoretical and practical manuals on this issue in the scientific literature. The issues discussed in the article are stated in a popular way, although this does not mean that some of the provisions will be understood by people with technical (engineering) education "at a snap." You may have to be patient and have a couple of dictionaries-encyclopedias of "biological" direction. In any case, the approaches of "techies", such as "tighten the nut - the car is moving, but not tightened - it's worth it", are not acceptable to biological systems. On the other hand, the questions of the circuitry of devices, for sure, will seem "wretchedly simple" to professionals, in fact, like the very description of the operation of the devices.

From the above, it is easy to guess that the author, taking his work seriously, should attend to the doctor's first commandment - “do no harm!”. So why then state something about this rather exotic form of therapy?

But, firstly, the work is popularizing and does not at all pretend to be a practical guide for beginners. Secondly. Many medicines are sold in pharmacies (and even over-the-counter), which are both potent and effective for various diseases. But hardly anyone will take them without consulting a doctor ... It could be worse!

I. General Provisions.

The specificity of electropuncture (EP) is not actually something beyond the scope of classical acupuncture (AP), but differs only in the degree of preparedness of the specialist in the field of AP. It is necessary to know the topography of biologically active points (BAP), for which there is an individual segment of length called "tsun", atlases of BAP topography on the skin of the human body, the system of meridians responsible for certain functional features of the human body, etc. At the same time, there is still no unified theory explaining the mechanism of action of acupuncture on the human body from the point of view of the achievements of modern biology.

EP devices usually have the "Search BAP" mode, which somewhat simplifies the finding of these points.

The practical application of BAPs, taking into account the location, direction of action and innervation connections, distinguishes the following groups:

points of general action, which have a reflex effect on the functional state of the central nervous system;
segmental points located in the area of skin metameres corresponding to the zone of innervation of certain segments of the spinal cord;
spinal points located along the vertebral and paravertebral lines, respectively, where the nerve roots exit, and vegetative fibers that innervate certain organs and tissue systems;
regional points located in the area of projection on the skin of certain internal organs;
local points, mainly affecting the underlying tissues (muscles, blood vessels, ligaments, joints).

For those who do not possess AP skills, finding points, even having at hand a topographic atlas of BAPs on human skin, is a difficult question, because it is necessary in each case to use the individual proportions of a particular patient. Instrumental determination of the BAP location also requires at least an initial knowledge of acupuncture, namely the BAP topography, otherwise the therapeutic effect will be doubtful.

2. Features of electropuncture.

The impact on BAP with electric current is called electropuncture (EP). The search for BAP is carried out by the reduced electrocutaneous resistance (ECR). It should be remembered that the electrical resistance in the BAP area is less than in the surrounding area.

In order to avoid electrical or thermal breakdown of tissues in the BAP area, it is necessary that:

the voltage was not higher than 9 volts;
the current density was no more than 10 A / cm;
the stimulation intensity did not exceed 500 μA.

In the devices under consideration, these principles are fully observed.

Since the irritating effect of the current depends on the amplitude (current strength), voltage, pulse polarity and excitability threshold, the recommendations should be followed:

impulses of negative polarity have a tonic effect;
impulses of positive polarity have a sedative effect;
in the case of using bipolar pulses, the effect will depend on the amplitude and duration of the pulse repetition period;
performing an EP session, the selected current strength (amplitude) is not necessarily established; are guided by the patient's sensations (tingling sensation, burning sensation), because often the individual sensitivity threshold requires less current and vice versa.

3. Circuitry of amateur electro-puncture devices.

An example of a simple and at the same time multifunctional device is a circuit widespread in the late 70s of the last century and corresponding to the above requirements. Assembled on a discrete element base with the use of germanium p-n-p transistors, the device allows you to search for BAPs by a reduced ECS (Fig. 1). The search for a point is carried out using the UPT circuit (T5-T7), the indication is carried out by the LED1 LED and the arrow indicator in the active probe circuit. A generator based on a symmetrical multivibrator generates current pulses of different polarity (including diode D1 in the circuit in different directions using switch S2) and duration (paired R4-R6, C1, C2) in automatic mode, and by supplementing the circuit with commutation of common terminals S1.2-S1.4, bipolar pulses can also be obtained. BAP stimulation can also be performed in manual mode (+ or -) by pressing the S3 button. Thus, we can talk about the functional state of the BAP, comparing the magnitude of the current of negative and positive polarity flowing through the BAP. The device uses a sensitive microammeter with an average zero point, which simplifies circuit switching in different modes of operation and facilitates visualization of current disparities of different polarity through a point. The current strength is set by R3. When setting up the device, you should select the sensitivity threshold by changing the R11 value, which is most acceptable from the point of view of searching for points in each specific case.

The device is powered by a 9 V Krona battery, which makes the device absolutely safe.

A somewhat simpler device is a device assembled on widespread silicon transistors n-p-n conductivity (Fig. 2). It uses a more common microammeter (without an average zero point), removed the manual stimulation mode for BAP, from a symmetric multivibrator, depending on the position of S1 and S2, you can get:

positive DC pulses;
negative DC pulses;
bipolar impulses (+/-) direct current.

The pulse frequency is regulated by stepwise switching of the selected R4-R13 two-gang S3 to five positions ("Frequency"):

in 1 minute in 1 minute 5 - 0.8 in 1 min. 2 - 8 in 1 min. 4 - 1.2 in 1 min.

The frequency of unipolar impulses (+ or -) is two times less. The current strength is adjustable from 0 to 100 µA using R1 ("Patient current") (combined with the switch of the S4 device).

"Search" - the search for BAP is carried out by the reduced EKS;
"Bipolar stimulation" (+/-);
"Stimulation monopolar" (or + or -).

Operation indication - in the "Search" mode, LED3 lights up and the microammeter needle is deflected. During stimulation, the microammeter needle is deflected when a positive or negative pulse arrives (selected depending on the position of the switch S1 "Positive imp.", "Negative imp."). For clarity of operation of the device in the stimulation mode, instead of R3, R14 in the circuit, you can install chains of an LED and a resistor.

4. Basic principles of work with devices of electropuncture.

Using the last circuit as an example (Fig. 2), let us consider the basic principles of working with a device for searching and stimulating BAP.

After connecting the battery, the "Operating mode" switch knob is set to the "Search" position, and the polarity switch to the "Positive imp." Position.

The device is switched on with the "Patient current" knob. For the convenience of visual control, the "patient current" is set within the middle part of the microammeter scale (30 - 50 µA).

The negative (passive) electrode is connected (attached) to the inner surface of the wrist joint, lower leg, etc. through a wet gauze pad.

The positive (active) electrode searches for BAP in the topographic location of its possible location. If the BAT is found, the LED lights up and the arrow of the electrical measuring device deviates to the right.

Instrumental search for BAPs requires certain skills: ECS depends on the force of pressing the active electrode on the skin, optimization of the contact of the passive electrode with the skin through a damp pad, and so on.

The found BAP is marked on the skin with a felt-tip pen and, leaving the active electrode at this point, the "Mode of operation" switch is switched to the "Stimul.bipolar" position. (or "Stimulus monopolar").

In the position "Stimulus monopolar." polarity of pulses is selected by switch S1 "+" or "-". The same switch switches the measurement of the patient's current strength of the positive or negative part of the pulse in the "Bipolar" mode of operation.

When working in the "Unipolar" mode, you should not change the positions of the active and passive electrodes (+ and -), because this switching occurs automatically when a certain operating mode (type of stimulation) is selected.

The modern element base makes it possible to use generators based on operational amplifiers in the circuits of devices for carrying out EP. At one time, experiments were carried out with the OU K140UD1B. The principle of constructing such circuits is clear from Fig. 3. The scheme provides not only stimulation of BAP by DC pulses of different polarity (or bipolar), but also reflects the desire to bring their shape closer to the so-called "action potentials". This is achieved by the introduction of containers in series with each output. An indication unit is assembled on the T1 transistor and LED1 LED. It is convenient to monitor the pulse shape (as well as the frequency and amplitude of the output) when setting up and operating the device using an oscilloscope. The ratings of some elements of the circuit are selected experimentally.

Electro-acupuncture stimulator with ohmmeter

Electroacopuncture is a modern version of classic acupuncture, in which the so-called active points on the skin of the human body are stimulated with electrical impulses. In electroacupuncture, needles are not used and therefore this method most suitable for those patients who are afraid of infection during acupuncture, as well as for those who want to do electroacupuncture on their own.

To stick around the search for hot spots, together with the stimulator, I used an electronic ohmmeter on the LED. The measurement limit of the ohmmeter is G MOhm. As shown by numerous measurements, the resistance of the skin at active points is approximately 1 megohm. The schematic diagram of the stimulator is shown in Fig. 1. The stimulator is made on four inverters and transistor switch VT1. The first two inverters form asymmetrical multivibrator, at the output of which another pair of inverters is connected, connected in parallel as an inverted buffer. With the help of the capacitor C2 and the diode VD3, pulses are formed with an amplitude almost equal to twice the supply voltage. In practice, the stimulator can be used when the supply voltage is reduced to 5 V, but at the same time it is correspondingly reduced. The amplitude of the output pulses is also measured. The ohmmeter is made on two transistors VT2 and VT3, forming a direct current amplifier (DCA) with a high input impedance. Resistors R6 and R7 limit the base current of the transistors, eliminating their saturation mode. Capacitor C4 creates a negative circuit feedback on alternating current... Resistor R8 determines the upper measurement limit. The device is powered by the Krona battery. The schematic of the printed circuit board is shown in Fig. 2.

The device is mounted in a small plastic case, which contains a circuit of a stimulator with an ohmmeter and a probe connected to the case with a four-wire cord from a telephone receiver. The probe contains two electrodes: active and passive, as well as a push-button switch for the type of work. The active electrode is made in the form of a pointed rod with a radius of curvature at the end of 0.3-0.4 mm. The passive electrode should be in the form of a rod or plate. Both probes are made of stainless steel and polished. To use the stimulator, hold the passive electrode with the fingers of your left hand. With the tip of the active electrode, we touch the place of the proposed location of the active point, which should be slightly moistened before that. When this point is found correctly, the LED on the device lights up. Then, by pressing the button located on the probe, we switch the device to stimulation mode. To do this, using a potentiometer, the amplitude of the impulses increases in accordance with your sensations. Usually, the most preferred is a mode in which a slight tingling sensation is felt. This point is stimulated for 15 - 20 seconds. it is undesirable to stimulate many points in one session, as well as points located on the head. The probe uses a KM2-1 switch, which consists of two microswitches. The passive electrode is connected to the probe using a miniature connector used in transistor receivers for connecting telephones.

1. E. Savitsky. "Instead of an arrow-LED". "Modelist-Constructor", 1982, 10

2. M. Tsakov. "Electropunctural stimulator", "Radio, television, electronics", 1990, 3

Mechanisms of action and therapeutic effect of application electropuncture is described in detail in the specialized literature. In this method, I am attracted by the moment that on biologically active points a mild non-traumatic effect is produced without disturbing the skin. Small currents of up to 100 microamperes do not even injure the intercellular membranes in the body, affecting the BAP is akin to acupressure.
Therefore, using such a device at home is difficult to harm. Using simple sets of points from the atlases on acupressure and reference books on oriental reflexology, you can get good results in the treatment of some diseases, in the removal of pain syndromes. Effective treatment of lumbago and sciatica (tested on their own experience), with pain in the joints. Of course, it is unrealistic to treat chronic diseases at home without medical education, but it is quite possible to help yourself and your loved ones in some situations.
The design of the device is a plastic case with a working panel on which the measuring head of the microammeter and control knobs are located. One of the device connectors is connected to a copper electrode (which is convenient to hold in the hand), the other connector is connected to a movable probe electrode, which is a plastic handle with a silver-plated electrode with a diameter of about 3 mm, which is placed on the BAP. The device is powered by a 9 volt battery of the "Krona" type.

The search for biologically active points is carried out according to the atlas, after some time the skill and knowledge of the main points is acquired.
By short-circuiting the probes to each other, the "Current" knob sets a short-circuit current of about 80 microamperes. Then the copper electrode is taken in the hand opposite to the side where the BAP is located, the movable electrode is placed on the point with slight pressure. The current at a biologically active point almost does not depend on the state of the skin, but mainly depends on the state of the meridian, its ability to pass energy, on the purity and health of the body. In the first few seconds after installing the movable electrode, the device shows an insignificant current (1-10 μA), there are no sensations.
After some time, a pleasant (or painful) tingling sensation begins, and the needle of the device begins to rise to a value of about 60 μA. It is necessary to hold it for a few seconds until the values are fixed, then "pump" the point by means of polarity reversal. To do this, press the "polarity reversal" button and hold it, observing the point's reaction to the polarity change on the device. She makes a small quick surge, then, after thinking a little, begins to reduce the current to very small values. After waiting for the arrow to drop, release the button and wait for the current to rise to 60 μA.
Thus, we "pump" the biologically active point. During these manipulations, there may be some pain syndromes at the point; in case of severe pain, you just need to reduce the current. As a rule, the most painful points are those that are responsible for the diseased organ.
The above-described behavior of the current in the BAP during treatment and polarity reversal takes place at a "healthy" point. If there are deviations from the norm, then the arrow behaves differently. The point may not "break through" for a very long time, that is, it may not go to the mode of passing a current of 60 μA, and the reaction to a change in polarity may be different. This indicates a deviation in the BAP state, therefore, it is necessary to periodically influence it.
A common device for electropuncture, the so-called Lednev-Usachev device, published in the journal "FIS", is presented in diagram 1. The diagram is so simple that it does not require a description. The current is regulated by a variable resistor, an additional resistor is needed to prevent an accidental short circuit when setting the current. The button is used to reverse the polarity. It is convenient to power the device from a 9-volt Krona battery, it is small in size and lasts for a long time.

For a more effective "punching" of the impact point, a device circuit with a short-term increase in the applied voltage is used. When you press the "breakdown" button, three times the battery voltage is applied to the BAP. For an effective "breakdown" of the BAP, we briefly press the button several times, observing the behavior of the arrow. With an increase in the current and the appearance of a tingling, release the button and then carry out a regular treatment of the point. A schematic diagram of a device for electropuncture with a "breakdown" function is shown in diagram 2.
In this scheme, an increase in the applied voltage is carried out due to a series connection of pre-charged capacities. When the "breakdown" button is released, the capacities are charged up to the battery voltage; when the button is pressed, they are switched on sequentially. To limit the current at increased voltage, another additional resistor is used.
When working with BAPs, it is often necessary to analyze the state of "untreated" points or to first find the "excited" BAPs. So the points responsible for certain internal organs, when symptoms of a disease of this organ appear, have a reduced electrical resistance, and can be detected using a special search unit. This is due to the need for primary diagnosis of BAP and is used in practice. For these purposes, the following diagram of the device was made (diagram 3) with a transistor search unit, which gives an indication of the state of the point by the glow of the signal LED and by the sound signal. The signal trigger current is calibrated according to a known "healthy" point, then a search for "excited" BAPs is performed. In many cases, reverse polarity search is effective. For this, the device has a fixed polarity switch. The rest of the device circuit and work with it are the same.

Such a device is already quite enough to effectively influence biologically active points, "treating" them.
The effect on BAP can be tonic and sedative. In oriental reflexology (acupuncture) this is achieved with different types of needles and exposure time. In electropuncture, a tonic or sedative effect is achieved by using impulse exposure. Studies have revealed what frequencies and polarities of the impacting impulses and during what time produce this or that effect. Therefore, for efficient operation, a pulse generator was added to the device. A graduated frequency switch and a pulse type switch are used to control the generator.
And, to make the device completely professional, a block of electropunctural diagnostics according to Ryodorak has been added to it. This requires a 12 volt battery, a time delay circuit (3-4 sec) and a current meter up to 200 microamperes.

A diagram of such a device is shown in Figure 4.
Having such a device, any attending physician practicing electropuncture will be able to diagnose and carry out the necessary treatment. Methods of data processing, analysis of the state of the meridians, the appointment of points of influence and modes, this is a separate and very large topic.

In the presence of computer technology, this can be done using software methods, which accelerates data processing. This is already a topic of great medicine and scientific dissertations.

Acupuncture point finder

I offer two schemes of devices for finding acupuncture (biologically active) points. These devices use a search for points by their conductivity. In acupuncture points, a relatively low electrical resistance is observed, recorded over an area of about 2 mm2 and equal to approximately 800 kΩ, and already at a distance of 2 mm from this point, the resistance increases to approximately 1.4 MΩ. Actual values may differ from those indicated by ± 20%. Increased pain sensitivity is also characteristic of acupuncture points. The device "Bio-search" (Fig. 1) is made on the K561LA7 microcircuit. On element DD1.1 a threshold element is made, on elements DD1.2, DD1.3 - a generator that controls the operation of the indication. LED AL307 and a small-sized loudspeaker such as DEMSH or TM-2 are used as indicators.

The passive electrode ("Bracelet") and the active ("Probe") must be made of brass. The name "Bracelet" remained from similar devices of the old model, in which the passive electrode was actually made in the form of a bracelet. In new devices, the passive electrode is made in the form of a brass tube 01 ... 3 cm and a length of 15 cm, to which a wire is soldered from the inside to connect to the device. The active electrode is a piece of brass rod or thick brass wire 03 mm and 12 cm long. It is inserted into any plastic or wooden tube (the body of the pen, from which the writing rod is removed, is suitable). A connecting wire is also soldered to the probe. The front, working part of the stylus, protruding from the fountain pen to a length of about 1 cm, should be rounded and well polished.

When setting up the device, it is necessary to adjust the threshold element DD1.1, for which the resistor R2 is selected in such a way that the device indication works confidently when the resistance between the probe and the bracelet drops to about 800 kOhm. When searching for acupuncture points, you need to smoothly, without pressure, drive the probe over the skin - like a pencil on paper, holding the bracelet in the other hand. For a trial search of points, you can try to drive the probe along the outside of the hand. The points located near the nails of each of the fingers are usually easily detected with this device.

The device "Micro-ELAP" has a pointer and sound indication. On the elements DD1.1, DD1.2, a generator is made to search for points with a pulse signal. The generator on the elements DD1.3, DD1.4 is used for indication. Pulse signal frequency in the range 0.9 ... 10 Hz. When searching, when the probe hits the acupuncture point, there is a sharp decrease in resistance between the bracelet and the probe. This leads to the fact that a high level is sent to the control input of the sound generator, assembled on the elements DD1.3, DD1.4, allowing its operation.

Literature: Voll R. Topographic position of measurement points in electro-acupuncture.- M .: Techart, 1993.

V.MALEEV
Voronezh

V. SCHERBATYUK, B. LISENKOV, Minsk.

Search for biologically active points

All this began much earlier than historical materialism appeared. And it began, it seems, in China. It follows from Chinese sources that all energy human body system ka consists of 12 doubles

(main) and 2 unpaired meridians, which unite special points of active influence. For example, the location of these points on the chest and abdomen is shown in Fig. 1.

There are branches from each meridian to the corresponding organs, and inside the body, all the internal passages of the meridians form a single energy channel from their plexuses. On the surface of the skin, there are connecting channels between pairs of meridians (kolatali). Unpaired meridians at the exit (from inside the body) and at the entrance (inside) form annular collaterals.

Doctors of the ancient East created a coherent theory according to which points located on the meridians act as "vents" for absorbing and releasing energy.

Classical Chinese atlases contain descriptions of about 700 points. To date, a significant number of points located outside the meridians have been identified. In China, the so-called "individual cun" is used to accurately determine the points - the distance formed between the folds of the skin on the middle phalanx when the third finger is bent (in men - on the left hand, in women - on the right). This is possible, of course, only taking into account the thousand-year experience that has been accumulated in China.

What does a biologically active point (BAP) look like? This "point" can be up to 0.5 mm2. Outwardly, it is indistinguishable from the surrounding skin.

When palpating in the area of the point, you can sometimes find a fossa, compaction or rarefaction of the tissue and often soreness is felt. Pressure pain is one of the signs that the point is found correctly.

The impact on the points changes their performance and causes a healing effect. It was also noticed that at the same time the indicators of other points of this meridian also change, which confirms its existence. By character-

The term of the BAP response reaction is divided into points of general and local action. The points of general action are located mainly on the arms and legs and have stimulating and normalizing properties. except

Moreover, these points affect the corresponding internal organs (Fig. 2).

Local action points are located close to the corresponding part of the body and affect it.

At the current level of research, no pronounced differences in the structure of the point and surrounding tissues have been revealed. The only feature was found when exposed to a weak direct current: in the area of the point, the electrocutaneous resistance is sharply reduced, that is, there is a kind of "hole" for the passage of current. The value of the electrocutaneous resistance depends on the functional state of the point and the organ associated with it.

The diagnostic capabilities are based on this.

The first such attempt was made by Dr. R. Voll. His methodology was built on the fusion of the foundations of classical Chinese acupuncture, homeopathy and modern empirical concepts. Studies have shown that there are many more nerve endings in the locations of biologically active points on the skin. Dr. Voll began measuring electrical potentials on people's skin.

It is believed that the first device for measuring the electrical potential of the skin was designed by Voll together with the engineer Werner in 1953.

Carrying out research, Voll in the "magic" Chinese points found the values of the potentials, different from the potentials of the sites located very close.

The results of the experiments showed that the locations of the BAP are clearly determined by electrical methods, which ensure high accuracy and reliability of finding the BAP. The applied technique is practically safe if the current passed through the human skin does not exceed tens of microamperes. "In addition, when searching for BAPs, it is advisable not to use D.C. which due to

The inevitable electrolysis distorts the real picture of the BAP state. One of the first devices for determining the location of BAPs on the human body was a high-resistance ohmmeter, which measured the resistance of points on the skin.

Two schemes of devices for finding acupuncture points are given in. These devices use a search for points by their conductivity. At the acupuncture points, a relatively low electrical resistance is observed, recorded on an area of about 2 mm: and equal to approximately 800 kΩ, and already at a distance of 2 mm from this point, the resistance increases to approximately 1.4 MΩ. Real

the values may differ from those indicated by ± 20%.

The "Bio-search" device (Fig. 3) is made on the K561J1A7 microcircuit.

On the element DD1 1 a threshold element is made, and on the elements DD1.2, DD1.3 - a generator that controls the operation of the indication. LED AL307 and a small-sized loudspeaker such as DEMSH or TM-2 are used as indicators.

The active electrode is a piece of brass rod or thick brass wire 0.3 mm and 120 mm long, to which a connecting wire is also soldered. The nib is inserted into any plastic or wooden tube (the body of the pen from which the nib is removed will do). The front, working part of the stylus, protruding from the fountain pen to a length of about 10 mm, should be rounded and well ground.

When searching for acupuncture points, you need to smoothly, without pressure, drive the probe over the skin (like a pencil on paper), holding the bracelet in the other hand. For a trial search for BAP, you can try to drive the probe along the outer side of the hand.

The points located near the nails of each of the fingers are usually easily detected with this device.

The device "Micro-ELAP" (Fig. 4) can be used both in the search mode for acupuncture points, and in the treatment mode.

You need to feed "Micro-ELAP" only from rechargeable batteries or batteries. This device cannot be powered from the mains, even through a transformer! Switch S2 sets the positive or negative polarity of the probe (active electrode) relative to the bracelet.

"Micro-ELAP" has a pointer and sound indication. On the elements DD1.1, DD1.2, a generator is made to search for points with a pulse signal. The generator on the elements DD1.3, DD1.4 is used for indication. Pulse signal frequency - in the range of 0.9 ... 10 Hz. When searching, when the probe hits the acupuncture point, there is a sharp decrease in resistance between the bracelet and the probe. This is with-

leads to the fact that a high level is sent to the control input of the sound generator, assembled on the elements DD1.3, DD1.4, allowing its operation.

It is advisable to adjust the device so that the current through the pointer indicator PA1 does not exceed 15 μA (a microammeter with a full deflection current of 100 μA is used).

If the device is used only for finding points, then you can take a 50 μA microammeter.

A simple device for finding BAP is given in. The search node for active points (Fig. 5) is made on three transistors VT1 ... VT3 and LED VD1

The search circuit is a comparator amplifier. When the electrode hits the active point, the LED lights up and a slight tingling sensation is felt. The device can also be used to influence BAP with low frequency electrical impulses, which in some cases has a therapeutic effect. Switch S2 connects a pulse generator made on a DD1 microcircuit. Switch S1 changes the polarity of the current acting on the point, as a result of which the nerve channel is inhibited or excited.

The device has the dimensions of a case from a toothbrush with a search electrode in the form of a rounded needle with a diameter of 1 mm. The second electrode ("mass") is made from a segment telescopic antenna and connects to the device through a wire about 1 m long. When searching for an active point, this electrode is clamped in the hand. Switches S1, S2 are made of paired microswitches. Two handles of variable resistors are installed on the body of the device: R2 - "Exposure current" and R8 - "Exposure frequency", with a graduated scale. The battery "Krona" is used as a power source. To check the device in the "Search" mode, set the maximum exposure current and short-circuit the electrodes.

In this case, the LED should light up.

To search for BAP, we offer our own design, which uses double signal conversion (Fig. 6).

Using the variable resistor RP1, set the required level of the probing signal, which is fed to the input of the first balanced modulator, made on the operational amplifier DA1.2 and the field-effect transistor VT1. The control input of the balanced modulator is connected to the output of the control generator at the DA1.1 op-amp. The generator periodically switches the polarity of the output voltage of the balanced modulator, turning it into an alternating one, but maintaining its amplitude. ) and the input of the operational amplifier DA1.3. To protect DA1.3 from failure when a high potential hits its input, protection on diodes VD2 and VD3 is introduced into the circuit.

The signal level at the DA1.3 input is proportional to the resistance at the point of contact of the probe with the patient's skin. This allows, by evaluating the signal strength, to find the location of the BAP. However, in view of the fact that the probe is included in a high-resistance circuit, and the magnitude of the probing signal is comparable to the magnitude of possible interference (for example, interference from a 50 Hz network), it is advisable to use a synchronous detector for signal processing. A balanced modulator based on a DA1.4 microcircuit and a VT2 field-effect transistor is used as a synchronous detector. The control input of the balanced modulator (the gate of the transistor VT2) is connected to the generator output on DA1.1, as well as the control input of the balanced modulator on DA1.2. Thus, the first balanced modulator on DA1.2 performs signal modulation, and demodulation (synchronous detection) - a balanced modulator on DA1.3. Figure 7a shows the shape of the signal at the input of the synchronous detector, and Figure 7b - at its output.

acupuncture. - M .: Tehart, 1993.

4. Radio amateur, 1999, No. 7, P.21.

5. Radio amateur, 1997, No. 2, P.26

Categories

Popular