Windows xp bug fixes. Fix windows xp errors. Software problems

Booting Windows consists of many steps performed sequentially. If one of the operations is performed incorrectly at startup, the system will not boot. One of the most common problems of this kind is boot corruption. Windows entries XP.

What is a boot record?

In the main boot record, better known as MBR, stores a snippet of code, a special signature, and partition tables that are necessary for the system to start correctly. When turned on computer BIOS after the completion of the initial test, it loads a fragment of the MBR code into RAM, transferring control to it (the code) for the further start of Windows.

If you see on the screen a message like "ntldr is missing", "no boot device" or just a black background without further progress, then to fix the error you need to perform a recovery Windows bootloader XP.

Reasons for failure:

  • Incorrect installation of multiple operating systems, in which the boot code is overwritten.
  • Uninstall Linux OS or Boot Manager.
  • Virus infection (usually ransomware that blocks Windows from starting).
  • Hardware damage to the disk.
  • Power outages (emergency shutdown).

Sometimes it turns out to return the system to operability by simply rewriting the MBR, sometimes you have to restore the boot sector. The most difficult case is manually copying the bootloader files to the boot sector of the hard drive.

MBR recovery

The first thing to do if the system won't start is to restore the MBR using the recovery console:


The boot record has been repaired - try rebooting and turning Windows XP back on.

Boot sector recovery

If a message like "NTLDR is missing" appears on the screen, the problem is with a damaged boot record. Symptoms of this failure are similar to the MBR error, so it is better to run two restore commands:

If overwriting the boot sector and MBR did not help, then try to fix errors in the Boot.INI file:


During the execution of the command, the program will scan all partitions of the disk, trying to find copy of Windows... The user will be prompted to record information about the boot of this system in the configuration file, as a result of which Windows will start correctly.

Copy download files

If creation new MBR and the boot sector does not help to eliminate the startup error, you will have to manually transfer NTLDR files, NTDETECT.COM and boot.ini to the root of the drive.

  1. Boot from the disk, open the recovery console.
  2. Write the MBR and boot sector as shown above.
  3. Execute the "map" command to list all mapped drives. Find the letter of the Windows distribution media.
  4. Enter the drive letter with the distribution and press Enter to start working with it.
  5. Enter "cd i386" to open the folder of the same name on Windows distribution XP.
  6. Enter "copy NTLDR C: \" to copy the NTLDR file.
  7. Enter "copy NTDETECT.COM C: \" to copy the NTDETECT.COM file.

The next in line will be the BOOT.INI file.

  • Microsoft Fix it program.
  • Kerish Doctor program.
  • Anvisoft PC PLUS program.
  • Registry Repair program.

Errors in the Windows system, like in any other, occur for various and many reasons: due to viruses, correct installation and removing programs after working with the registry and the like. But even knowing the reasons does not always help to solve this or that problem. To solve problems with system errors, you often have to resort to help third-party programs... Today we will get acquainted with the capabilities of the five most popular and, moreover, free programs.

Microsoft Fix it program.

This is an automatic troubleshooting program for Windows operating systems from the developer - Microsoft. Fix it utilities are generally not universal. They are created for pinpoint, specific fixes of individual errors, for example, problems with copying files, reading DVDs, emptying the trash can, startup programs, etc. Any Windows user can download and install these utilities for free.

How to fix system errors on Windows XP, 7, 8, 8.1 and 10 using Microsoft Fix it:

  • You need to go to the Microsoft Solution Center page.
  • Select the topic of interest with which the problem is related (Windows, Internet Explorer, Office, Windows Media and other).
  • Indicate the type of problem.
  • Download the Fix it utility from the list that appears, the description of which most closely matches your problem.
  • Run the utility with administrator rights, wait for the operation to complete and restart the computer.

The convenience of Fix it is obvious in accessibility, simplicity and security (created by the Windows developers, they never make fixes that can destroy any data on the PC or disrupt the computer's performance. But they also have a drawback, they often turn out to be ineffective.

Registry Repair program.

Easy to manage and use error correction program windows registry 7, 8, 8.1 and XP. The program checks the system registry for errors, the presence of incorrect paths, incompletely deleted records and automatically corrects those that have found faults. Registry Repair, unlike its counterparts, can recognize up to 18 types of errors in the registry. Sophisticated scanning technology conserves system resources and does not slow down your PC.

Features of the Program:

  1. Scans the entire registry or only selected areas.
  2. Search and delete entries made by adware and spyware (adware and spyware).
  3. Scanning the system partition, all users partition and current account.
  4. Creation of a custom list of exclusions from scanning.
  5. Undo changes made by the program (creating backup copies of the registry before repairing).
  6. Saving the history of changes with the view function.

The program supports many languages, including Russian, is distributed free of charge and is aimed at a common user. The developer guarantees that the program will not make random errors that can disrupt the download and performance Windows systems.

NetAdapter Repair All In One program.

Completely free program to fix network errors Windows connections 7, 8,8.1 and XP. Designed for an experienced user who knows the essence and purpose of all elements of the network subsystem: Hosts file, TCP / IP, DNS services, DCHP, NetBIOS and more.

This program does not automatically fix errors. It prompts the user to decide on their own and indicate what is worth fixing. Also, the utility includes tools for diagnostics and viewing network settings.

It will be difficult for beginners to use the utility because of the English interface.

NetAdapter Repair allows you to fix:

  1. DHCP settings.
  2. Hosts file.
  3. DNS addresses (replace with public ones from Google).
  4. Routing table.
  5. Operation of the NetBIOS protocol.
  6. Network cryptography and privacy settings.
  7. Windows network services settings.

Pressing the Advanced Repair button resets WinSock / TCP / IP, proxy and VPN settings, and Windows firewall to defaults.

The utility is convenient and useful for those who understand the meaning of the tasks it solves, and there are not too many of them among ordinary PC users.

Anvisoft PC PLUS program.

A utility for correcting all kinds of system and program errors.

Anvisoft PC PLUS features:

  1. Solving problems with shortcuts on the desktop.
  2. Troubleshooting network connections systems.
  3. Eliminating errors software, including the lack of necessary libraries (dll) in the system as a whole.
  4. Correction of system errors, informing the user about problems in the Windows system.
  5. Solving common problems in popular games.
  6. Clearing the browser cache.
  7. 24-hour technical support, only in English.

The program does not have Russian-language localization, but a beginner can also use it. However, for advanced users, and especially for those who like to play games, it will also be useful.

Kerish Doctor program.

An optimizer program that fixes many problems at once and increases the performance of your computer at times.

Kerish Doctor features:

  1. Correcting registry errors.
  2. Removing garbage - leftover programs, temporary files, invalid shortcuts ...
  3. Optimization of the work of PC system services.
  4. Improving the speed of your internet connection.
  5. Monitoring system events.
  6. Virus protection.
  7. Prevention of crashes.
  8. Protecting your computer from overheating.
  9. Creation of an optimal game mode.
  10. Closing Windows vulnerabilities and programs.

Attention!

Kerish Doctor can work in two modes, automatic and manual. In automatic mode, it starts with Windows and does everything in the background, eating up not a small part of the processor resources. In manual mode, you need to choose what you want to optimize yourself.

A program for those who want it to have a button like: Make everything fly , so as not to puzzle over a bunch of incomprehensible operations. Experienced users, who are used to delving into the essence of any action on their PCs, will be scared off by its potential for comprehensiveness and versatility.

Kerish Doctor is shareware. Duration trial period is 15 days. The cost of an annual license for 3 PCs is 390 rubles.

Download Kerish Doctor.

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Manually editing the Windows registry to remove invalid Error 3 keys is not recommended unless you are PC service professional. Errors made while editing the registry can cause your PC to malfunction and cause irreparable damage to your operating system. In fact, even a single comma in the wrong place can prevent your computer from booting!

Because of this risk, we highly recommend using a trusted registry cleaner such as WinThruster [download] (Developed by Microsoft Gold Certified Partner) to scan and repair any Error 3-related registry problems. Using a [Download] registry cleaner can automate the process of finding corrupted registry entries, links to missing files (for example, causing the error%% error_name %%) and broken links within the registry. Before each scan, a backup copy that allows you to undo any changes with one click and protects you from possible damage to your computer. The best part is that fixing registry errors [Download] can dramatically improve system speed and performance.


A warning: Unless you are an experienced PC user, we do NOT recommend manually editing the Windows registry. Incorrect use of Registry Editor can lead to serious problems and require reinstall Windows... We do not guarantee that problems resulting from improper use of Registry Editor can be fixed. Your use of the Registry Editor is at your own risk.

To manually repair your Windows registry, first you need to create a backup by exporting a portion of the registry related to Error 3 (eg.Windows XP):

  1. Click on the button Begin.
  2. Enter " command" v search bar ... DO NOT PRESS YET ENTER!
  3. Holding down the keys CTRL-Shift on the keyboard, press ENTER.
  4. A dialog box for access will be displayed.
  5. Click on Yes.
  6. The black box opens with a blinking cursor.
  7. Enter " regedit" and press ENTER.
  8. In the Registry Editor, select the Error 3-related key (eg.Windows XP) you want to back up.
  9. On the menu File choose Export.
  10. In the list Save to select the folder where you want to save the backup Windows key XP.
  11. In field File name type a name for your backup file, such as "Windows XP Backup".
  12. Make sure in the box Export range value selected Selected branch.
  13. Click on Save.
  14. The file will be saved with the extension .reg.
  15. You now have a backup of your Windows XP-related registry entry.

The next steps for manually editing the registry will not be described in this article, as they can most likely damage your system. If you would like more information on manually editing the registry, please see the links below.

  • Determining the bitness of Windows XP
  • Using special programs to collect data about the system
  • Troubleshooting basic errors in Windows XP

The Windows XP operating system was released more than ten years ago, but continues to be popular with many owners personal computers... It is distinguished by high reliability and performance, compact size of the distribution kit, ease of installation and use even for novice users.

Determining the bitness of Windows XP

Know the bit depth operating system installed on your computer, you need to install it on your PC various applications, games, drivers, connecting new equipment. This OS setting affects maximum size random access memory with which the PC works. For a 32-bit OS, this size is limited to 4 GB, for a 64-bit OS, up to 32 GB. Therefore, 64-bit programs and devices on a 32-bit OS will not work.

At the operating room windows systems XP has three main versions used by most users:

  • Windows XP home edition (32-bit);
  • Windows XP professional edition (32-bit);
  • Windows XP professional x 64 edition (64-bit).

There are several ways to find out the bitness of the OS installed on your computer:

  1. By viewing the System Properties window.
  2. By viewing the System Information window.
  3. With the help of special programs.

Viewing the System Properties Window

The easiest and fastest way to open the System Properties window is as follows:

  • on the desktop, highlight the "My Computer" icon (usually located in the upper left corner), right click activate context menu and select "Properties" at the very bottom;

  • v open window"System Properties" select the "General" tab;
  • In chapter " Windows version»The system name is displayed: if the version is specified Home Edition or Professional Edition - 32-bit OS; if the specified version is Professional x64 Edition, the system is 64-bit.

In the figure presented, the system capacity is 32-bit, since the name does not contain the “x64 Edition” designation.

You can open the "System Properties" window in another way:

  • press the "Start" button on the panel quick launch desktop and select the "Run" command in the menu that opens;

  • enter the command "sysdm.cpl" in the field of the "Run Programs" window that opens, and then click the "OK" button;

  • the same System Properties window will open.

Viewing the System Information Window

  • click the "Start" button on the desktop launcher and select the "Run" command in the menu that opens;

  • in the field of the opened window "Run Programs" enter the command "winmsd.exe" and click the "OK" button;

  • in the left part of the window select the top line "System information", and in the right part of the window opposite the element "Processor" its type will be displayed: if the name "x86" is at the beginning of the name - the system is 32-bit; if "IA-64" or "AMD64" is specified - the system is 64-bit.

The above figure shows the 32-bit capacity of the system, since in the line "Processor" at the beginning of the name there is the designation "x86".

Using special programs to collect data about the system

You can find out more detailed information about the parameters of your computer, including whether it supports 64-bit capacity, using special programs. These programs include free utility"CPU-Z", which can be downloaded from the official website of the developer: http://www.cpuid.com/.

After installing and launching the application in the open window, select the “CPU” tab and look at the “Instructions” line: if there is a “EM64T” or “X86-64” designation, then the processor has 64-bit capacity.

In this figure, the “Instructions” line contains the “EM64T” designation, so the PC processor works with 64-bit capacity.

Troubleshooting basic errors in Windows XP

Errors in the PC operating system can be caused by:

  • incorrectly installed software or hardware;
  • malfunctions in the operation of devices and individual parts of the PC;
  • exposure to malicious viruses that destroy the system.

Windows XP errors can be roughly divided into two main categories:

  1. Errors due to crashes hard disk PC.
  2. Errors in the OS system registry.

You can fix such OS errors using special software tools, built into the system, or special programs additionally installed on the computer.

Fixing errors on your PC hard drive

The most in a simple way to fix errors arising from failures on the hard disk of the PC, is to run the built-in utility "chkdsk", for which you need:

  • Open My Computer by double-clicking the appropriate shortcut on your desktop or by selecting the appropriate button from the Start menu.
  • In the window that opens, select the desired HDD, right-click to activate the context menu and click on the "Properties" line.

  • In the "Local Disk Properties" window that opens, select the "Service" tab and click the "Check" button;

  • In the "Check Disk" window that opens, you can select options for checking the hard disk by checking the corresponding lines of the check disk parameters.

  • When you select the line of the option "Check and repair bad sectors", a thorough check hard disk for physical errors.

  • When you select the line of the option "Automatically fix system errors", a window will open with a proposal to postpone the scan until the next restart of the PC.

  • By clicking the "Yes" button, the disk will be checked the next time the computer is turned on or restarted.

To fully check the disk for physical and file errors you need to check both lines of the scan parameters.

A useful feature of the built-in chkdsk program is defragment hard disk, which can significantly improve system performance. To launch it you need:
In the window "Local disk properties" on the "Service" tab, click the "Perform defragmentation" button;

In the "Disk Defragmenter" window that opens, you can click the "Analysis" button to make a preliminary check for the need to defragment, or click the "Defragment" button to start the process immediately.

In addition to the built-in “chkdsk” program, you can fix errors on your hard disk using a variety of special programs or utility packages to optimize your computer, some of which we will consider below.

Fixing Windows XP Registry Errors

Fix errors in the OS system registry on your own for regular user PC is extremely difficult. Therefore, to solve such a problem, it is best to use special programs, additionally installed on the computer. Let's take a look at some of them.

Wise Registry Cleaner 7

Represents a good free program to clean up and troubleshoot errors system registry and optimization Windows work XP, small in volume and easy to use, even for a novice user. You can download it on the official website of the manufacturer: http://www.wisecleaner.com/.

After installing and launching the application, a window opens with three main tabs.

  • The "Registry Cleanup" tab allows you to analyze the registry, identify all the errors in it and fix them. If necessary, you can completely restore the original state of the registry.

  • The System Optimization tab provides improved performance and stability of the operating system.

  • The tab "Compress the registry" defragments the registry to speed up the computer.

TuneUP Utilities 2013

One of the most popular programs for eliminating errors, cleaning and optimizing the operation of the Windows XP operating system and the entire computer. It includes over thirty different utilities that perform the following functions:

  • cleaning the registry from unnecessary data;
  • removing unnecessary shortcuts, files and other debris;
  • optimization and tuning of the OS;
  • defragment your hard drive and more.

The official website of the program developer: http://www.tune-up.com/.

After installing and launching the application, the main window appears, which has five main tabs:

  • The "Status and Recommendations" tab shows the state of the system and the configuration of the main parameters of the program.

  • The Optimize Computer tab cleans the registry, optimizes PC startup and shutdown, and defragments the registry and hard drives.

  • Use the Clean Up Computer tab to free up space on your hard drive and delete unnecessary data.

  • The Troubleshoot tab performs system checks, troubleshooting, and flipping system information.

  • Tab “ Windows setup»Provides individual customization of options and appearance of Windows.

Restoring Windows XP using the "System Restore" utility

To eliminate errors that have arisen as a result of incorrectly installed programs on the computer, Windows XP has a built-in system restore utility "System Restore", also called "system rollback". This allows you to return your PC to an earlier working state using restore points automatically created by the system.

To use this function, you first need to find out if it is enabled in the system. To do this, open the "System Properties" window, go to the "System Restore" tab and make sure that the check mark next to the "Disable System Restore" line is unchecked.

To run the "System Restore" utility, you must:

In the "Start" menu, sequentially select the lines of the submenu: "All Programs" - "Standard" - "System Tools" - "System Restore";

In the open "System Restore" window, select the "Restore an earlier state of the PC" option and click the "Next" button;

In the next window, you need to select the date when one of the restore points was created and click the "Next" button.

During the recovery process, automatic reboot PC, therefore, before running the utility, you must close all programs and save the work results.

If the desired result is not achieved, then you can use the "Cancel System Restore" function, returning the computer to its original state.

While working, especially on the Internet, it is imperative to use antivirus software and do periodic cleaning and defragmentation of the system registry and disks.

Situations when the operating system starts working with malfunctions and errors, or even refuses to start, happen quite often. This happens for various reasons - from virus attacks and software conflicts to incorrect user actions. In Windows XP, there are several tools for restoring system health, which we will talk about in this article.

Let's consider two options for the development of events.

  • The operating system boots, but does not work properly. This also includes file corruption and software conflicts. In this case, you can roll back to the previous state directly from the running system.
  • Windows refuses to start. Reinstalling the system while preserving user data will help us here. There is also another way, but it only works if there are no serious problems - loading the last known good configuration.

Method 1: system restore utility

In Windows XP there is a system utility designed to track changes in the OS, such as installing software and updates, reconfiguring key parameters. The program automatically creates a restore point if the above conditions are met. In addition, there is a function for creating custom points. Let's start with them.

  1. First of all, we check if the recovery function is enabled, for which we click PKM by icon "My computer" on the desktop and select "Properties".

  2. Next, open the tab "System Restore"... Here you need to pay attention to whether the checkbox is removed from the checkbox "Disable System Restore"... If it is standing, then we remove it and press Apply and then close the window.

  3. Now you need to run the utility. Go to the start menu and open the list of programs. In it we find the directory "Standard" and then the folder "Service"... We are looking for our utility and click on the name.

  4. Choosing a parameter "Create a restore point" and press "Further".

  5. We enter a description of the control point, for example "Installing the Driver", and click on the button "Create".

  6. The next window informs us that a new point has been created. The program can be closed.

It is advisable to perform these actions before installing any software, especially one that interferes with the operation of the operating system (drivers, design packages, etc.). As we know, everything automatic can work incorrectly, so it is better to be on the safe side and do everything yourself, with pens.

Recovery from points is as follows:


You may have noticed that the window contains information that you can select a different restore point or cancel the previous procedure. We have already talked about points, now we will deal with cancellation.


Method 2: restore without logging in

The previous method is applicable if we can boot the system and enter our "account". If the download does not occur, then you will have to use other recovery options. This is loading the last working configuration and reinstalling the system with saving all files and settings.

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