2 most popular programming languages. Rating of programming languages. What is rating
If you are a student or have just decided to start a career in the IT field and are 100% wondering which programming language should be chosen for a good career, then you just need to understand the current demand in the market.
Or look in the future - which will be in great demand in the next 5 years.
There have been a great many programming languages since the 1970s, but in fact, there are not so many in-demand languages.
The most in-demand programming languages in 2019
1 Java is one of the most popular languages for developing modern enterprise applications. Many frameworks have been created for Java, and therefore developers can create cool applications for a wide range of users.
2 Language C / C ++... It is a versatile choice for desktop design software, games with hardware acceleration, as well as applications that require a lot of memory to work.
3 Objective C- this language will be useful to you if you are going to develop applications for Apple Mac OS X, as well as for iPhones, iPads. This language has become very popular since the release of the first iPhone in 2007.
4 Language C #(Sea Sharp). It is the most popular language for developing Windows applications right now, and very popular for mobile devices... And the game development engine (Unity 3D) also uses C # as one of the main languages.
5 Language PHP is an essential tool for building modern web applications. Most of the sites focused on a large amount of data are developed in PHP. For example, content management systems like WordPress.
6 Every modern site uses JavaScript... It is a key language for creating site interactivity or building user interfaces, and many popular JavaScript frameworks have been created. + there is a server side (NodeJS)
7 Ruby on Rails. This language is gaining popularity among start-up companies as it is better suited for rapid development web applications (versus Java or .Net)
8 Python. Web applications, statistics, data analysis, user interfaces- for every task there is a suitable framework in Python.
Advanced programming languages 2015-2025
Erlang... The main feature is parallelism! Large banks with millions of users use Erlang.
Language R. It is widely used for the development of statistical software.
Swift. Swift programming language is a new, faster and easier way to develop for Mac and iOS, compared to Objective-C.
Go. This language is developed by Google. The correct approach to building system software on multi-core computers ..
How to make a choice
We believe that the most important and important thing when choosing a programming language is only your own desire.
Desire for WHAT specifically, to program, to create.
So far, we highlight only a few areas: the corporate sector, web development, mobile development, system programming, working with bigdata
You will have to code for medium and large businesses, as well as for state corporations. These are mainly applications for electronic document management, automation, control, financial reporting, etc. A lot of money, enough work. There is a real demand for the best specialists.
Learn Java first. And databases (SQL language) are obligatory - Oracle, MSSQL.
Microsoft solutions in this area are also good. Learn C #, and indeed the entire .Net platform
Sometimes C ++
Web development
The most popular environment for beginner programmers.
Creation of websites, from simple to complex, online stores, functional web applications.
First, we learn HTML, CSS, JS. Then, we continue to develop into PHP + MySQL databases.
Also, a certain share of development falls on Ruby and sometimes even on MS solutions (ASP .Net)
The most popular development area.
We'll have to code for smartphones and tablets.
Programs - the most diverse, from simple games to functional applications for corporations.
Everything is divided into 3 areas - Android, Apple, Windows.
Apple needs to know Objective C and Swift.
For Android - Java. For Windows - .Net
A bit tricky area for beginner programmers.
This is all related to system software, control systems.
Develop drivers, utilities, firmware, embedded software.
There is a lot to know.
C, C ++, Assembler.
Iron device, operating systems, networks.
Brief conclusions about programming languages
Rating of programming languages 2015
Objective C, Swift, Ruby.
Python, Perl, Basic.
Perspectives
Prospects in the near future - Swift, Erlang, R, GO.
Choice
Like to code functional and business-friendly applications? - corporate, Java + SQL
I like developing games for mobile phones - in mobile development and game devs, Java, Swift.
I would like to try myself in this business - create a website, an online store, HTML + CSS + PHP + MySQL.
I like pieces of iron, know the device thoroughly - in system programming, C, C ++, Assembler.
Ranking 2015. In Russia and abroad. So different
Abroad
And therefore, the demand looks a little different.
In Russia
And since Russia lags behind the leading countries, it is quite possible that demand will shift in the other direction.
Anyone who decides to master the basics of the creation process computer programs, wonders what are the most popular programming languages today, and which ones are the best to learn. And if the first question is very easy to answer, then the second is to be answered by the student himself, based on his plans and needs.
Let's take a quick look at the most popular programming languages so that you can choose the one that attracts you and start learning it.
programming?
Before disassembling the main programming languages and describing them, it is necessary to disassemble the concept itself.
A programming language is a formal sign system that is used to write computer programs. Like any other language, it has its own lexical, semantic and syntactic rules.
Distinguish languages of low and high levels of programming. Today they use mainly the second one.
High and Low Level Programming Languages
The low-level programming language has a structure close to the structure. In this case, the commands are denoted not using zeros and ones, but using mnemonic notations. The most famous low-level programming language is assembly language.
Working with any of the languages requires high qualifications, and understanding, in addition, takes a lot of time to write programs. At the same time, using low ones, you can create small, but at the same time effective programs. Novice programmers are not recommended to start their acquaintance with them.
High-level programming languages are characterized by the presence of semantic constructs for describing operations. Their study takes a lot of time, and their application in practice requires care and understanding of the basic structures and rules of syntax and vocabulary. But at the same time, language skills high level allows you to create large, colorful, multifunctional projects in record time.
The high level includes Pascal, Java, C, C ++, C #, Delphi and many others. They are used to write software and application programs.
Most popular programming languages
What are the most popular programming languages today?
In recent years, the most popular and demanded are Java, C, C ++, Python, C #, which are among the top programming languages. They form the basis of modern programs and are used when writing any large project. More than 70% of programmers work with these languages. It is predicted that in the next 10 years they will still be in the same demand as today.
Ruby, PHP, JavaScript are considered no less popular. Most experts focus on them as well.
In general, regardless of popularity, any specialist, more or less self-respecting, must know at least several languages of different levels. This is due to the fact that the majority major projects developed in different languages. For example, some modules are written using C, others are developed in Java, and still others in Delphi.
C, C ++ and C #
Let's start with the C family.
The C language is compiled and developed in the 70s. On its basis, in the future, such languages as C ++ and C #, Java were created.
C ++ is a powerful language designed to create both low-level utilities and drivers and very impressive applications and software complexes.
C # is a modern object-oriented language based on the C and C ++ languages. Has a safe type system. One of its distinguishing features is that it is also very similar to another popular programming language - Java.
One of the disadvantages of the language is that it allows you to create applications only for the operating room. Windows systems, and besides, it is very cumbersome, which means that programs written in it take up a lot of space.
It can be noted that in many ways C, C ++ and C # are programming languages for beginners. Having mastered them, you can be sure that learning a new language will take a minimum of time.
You can get acquainted with them and write your first applications in a special Borland environment or Visual Studio.
JavaScript
JavaScript is an object-oriented language. Developed in 1996 and today one of the most popular. The language is used primarily for scripting on the internet and works in major browsers such as Internet Explorer, Firefox, Opera. It is also closely related to HTML and CSS, so you need to master the basics of these languages before you start learning it.
It is worth noting that despite the similarity in name, JavaScript and Java are two completely different languages.
This language is suitable for those who are focused on creating browsers and scripts, applications and add-ons to them. If you plan to create your own sites, you also need to get to know him better.
Java
Considering the most popular programming languages, one cannot but mention Java. It is an objective-oriented programming language that has been in use since 1995. It is very lightweight and works on any Java machine of any architecture. It is used for developing applications for Android and iOS.
Python
Python - the main task of which is to increase developer productivity, make the code more readable. It has a small list of syntactic constructions and a very impressive standard library functions. The development of the language began in the 90s and continues to this day. It is used for the development of various projects, extensions and integration of previously developed applications.
The basics of the Python language can be learned both as a starting point for programming and as a second complementary language.
Ruby
Ruby is a high-level programming language that contains parts of Perl, Smalltalk, Eiffel, Ada, and Lisp. Used since 1995. The main advantages of the language are its simplicity and flexibility. Suitable for both writing small applications and developing serious programs.
PHP language
PHP is a fairly popular scripting language designed for building web applications. Quite often it is also included in the list of "Programming languages for beginners" and recommended for learning.
It can help you create high-quality web applications in a very tight time frame. The language has a simple and understandable structure, which allows you to learn it in a matter of days.
Conclusion
We have reviewed the most popular programming languages, the study of which will help you in the future to successfully create your projects and earn money as a programmer. There is no consensus about which language to learn, but at the same time, experts note that it is desirable to know several programming languages, as this will further expand the field of activity and facilitate work on various team projects.
In the modern world, everything is connected with computers, smart technology and machines, but not everyone thinks about how it works? Any technique has its own program, its own goals and objectives, and all this is done by people. So what's the most popular programming language in the world? Which one should you choose to study so as not to miscalculate? In this article, you will learn which programming languages are worth paying attention to and in which area it is applied.
10th place: Objective-C
Already everyone is familiar with Apple's technology, many have chosen this particular company, with a good reputation and an excellent PR company. But if you decide to look a little further and try to write an application for iOS yourself, then Objective-C is exactly what you need. Although, now everyone is switching to Swift, which is not so popular due to the fact that it is very young, but it was created by Apple, more convenient and dynamic, and soon, and already all new applications and games are made on it. Therefore, most likely, it makes no sense to start learning Objective-C in 2016.
9th place: Ruby
Another of the most popular programming languages used by a huge number of people, and for good reason. It will be simply irreplaceable if you decide to launch a new web application or you have new idea and you want to implement it. Ruby at your service. Despite its enormous power, this language is quite simple and straightforward. Also, its great advantage is that many popular applications around the world are written in it.
8th place: SQL
It is used to manage and modify data in an arbitrary relational database governed by an appropriate database management system. With this programming language, you can easily find the information you need and, most importantly, make it a reliable method.
7th place: C
Despite the fact that the C language appeared in 1972, it remains relevant to this day. It was he who became the basis for the development of programming languages such as C ++, C #, Java, D. Its main advantages are: compactness, speed and power. It is used to create system and application software.
6th place: Python
It is a high-level programming language for general use... It can fulfill almost any of your wishes, whether it will be data analysis and validation, or applications, or any statistics, Python will help with all this. More recently, programmers have come to agree that it can be used to process very large amounts of data and the great advantage is that it is suitable for a wide variety of industries.
5th place: C ++
It appeared in 1983, just like the C is intended for common use... It can be used in areas such as: the creation of operating systems, for hardware acceleration functions, mobile devices, as well as for games. If you need a large amount of memory for work, then you can safely use the services of the C ++ language.
4th place: PHP
If you decide to create a web application, then most likely you will need PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor). One of the leaders for creating dynamic websites. Currently, a large number of sites have been created in PHP that focus on a large amount of data. It is also at the heart of content management systems such as WordPress, Joomla, Bitrix, Prestashop, etc.
3rd place: C #
It was developed in 2001 by Microsoft as an application development language for Microsoft. NET Framework... It is one of the primary languages for developing the Unity game engine.
2nd place: JavaScript
A relatively young programming language appeared in 1995. Not one web page creator can do without it; it is used in browsers as a scripting language to create site interactivity. The biggest advantage of the language is that it is easy to learn and even if you are not a programmer, you will be able to figure it out a little with a little patience, at least at the initial stages. It has a specific difference from other languages, not a single company speaks it, it is, so to speak, in a free float.
1st place: Java
On the 1st place is the Java language. It is the most popular programming language. It is he who today is the leader among programmers for the backend development of modern web applications. If you are looking to create a scalable mobile application for Android, be it a smartphone or tablet, then there is nothing better than Java. It has such capabilities as: automatic control memory, a wide range of I / O filtering tools, simple tools for creating network applications, and much more. Also, the language can run on any Java machine, regardless of the computer architecture.
If you want to try yourself in Java, then best service to start it will be CodeGym. Here, in the form of a quest and a game, you can master the language in basic level, and then, if you wish, continue your studies to a level that will help you get a job. The material is presented very easily, there are hundreds of practical tasks and an interesting presentation in the form of an RPG game with pumping levels and abilities.
By the way, there are companies that collect this data and post reports. Here, for example, is the ranking of the most popular programming languages from RedMonk for 2015, which is based on the analysis of the results of activity on both GitHub and StackOverflow:
Also, a similar analysis was carried out by the GitHut company, in which javascript was in the first place:
Thus, as you can see, the most popular programming languages are java and javascript. They are tied for first place. What programming languages do you speak? Or maybe you are just going to study? Please write in the comments.
By the way, in one of our articles we have collected. Very entertaining and useful entertainment for children can turn out if you give them half an hour)
13/01/2016 22/11/2019 TanyaVU 8935
To assess the prospects of their efforts, every programmer should regularly look at the ratings of programming languages. It often happens that some fashionable language, about which everyone starts to write, but then this language quietly disappears. Those programmers who rushed to learn this language suddenly see that their efforts were in vain.
For example, in the mid-80s, the Prolog language became very popular, but then its popularity declined sharply. And now almost no one writes on it. And Python took the place of the popular newbie.
How to find out the rating of programming languages? There is no overall rating as there is no easy way collect similar statistics. But there are different ways evaluating the popularity of programming languages. Let's consider the most popular ratings.
The TIOBE Index rating is based on an assessment of the results of search queries containing the name of the language. The logic behind this index is very simple: “If a language is searched for in search engines then he's popular. " Of course, this statement is controversial, because professional programmers will rarely search for the name of a programming language in a search engine. They are more often looking for a solution to a specific problem. But a huge plus of this rating is that it fairly objectively shows interest in a particular language.
The TIOBE index shows the most popular programming languages, information about which was searched for on the 25 most popular search engines, that is, queries of the form: "+"
The TIOBE index for January 2020 looks like this:
TIOBE also named C the 2019 Programming Language.
The graph of changes in the index clearly shows how the popularity of programming languages has changed. But at the same time, the first or second place is constantly shared by the two languages Java and C. Although Java is actively promoted by Oracle, and no one promotes the C language.
And it's also interesting that C ++ has never been able to surpass C. in popularity.
2. Wappalyzer rating for web applications
The Wappalyzer service uses different methods to identify web technologies. The ranking of programming languages for website development for January 2020 looks like this.
The leader in web programming PHP language, more than 80% of sites are written in this language.
4. IEEE Spectrum rating
The IEEE Spectrum Top Programming Languages annual ranking uses 11 metrics from 8 sources including search queries, mentions on Twitter and even mentions in programmer job vacancies. On the one hand, this rating uses more data, but on the other hand, in many sources, the data are related. The more vacancies are published for a certain programming language, the more queries will be in search engines. That is, new languages have a better chance of getting to the top of the rankings.
5. Stack Overflow Rating
The Stack Overflow site is a place where developers can ask and answer coding questions. This site has about 40 million visits per month. There is a Russian-language version of the site: ru.stackoverflow.com
This rating is calculated based on a survey of developers. In 2019, more than 90,000 developers were surveyed and a ranking of programming languages was compiled. Rather, it is a ranking of languages that raise questions. JavaScript is the leader in this ranking.
Such popularity is quite understandable, now JavaScript is developing rapidly and each new opportunity raises a lot of questions, so programmers go to Stack Overflow to ask questions.
Curiously, C didn't even make it to the top ten.
6. Jobs at Head Hunter
You can approach the rating of programming languages from the other side and see which languages are indicated in vacancies and how much they are going to pay. One of the most popular sites to find a job in the IT field, this is the HeadHunter website. There is a separate section - vacancies for programmers.
At the bottom of the page, you can see a list of similar requests and make sure that employers have slightly different requests.
Here you can see that a programmer who knows Pascal ( Delphi environment) is still in demand.
7. Google Books Ngram Viewer
And in the end, consider extremely useful service Google where you can watch usage keywords Therefore, you can see the popularity of not only programming languages, but any technologies.
At the beginning of this article, there are graphs of the use of the words Prolog and Python. Now let's introduce JavaScript, Python and PHP.
Interest in JavaScript can be seen in 1992 and it is rapidly overtaking Python and PHP.
It's no secret that programmers are one of the highest paid professionals in the world. Russia is no exception. Good programmers are appreciated here too. And if you are interested in a fast growing and lucrative career, you might want to learn and become a programmer.
In order to help you with this choice, I have collected data from various job search sites. Although it is not full list, but it provides an understanding of the most in-demand programming languages (demanded by employers).
9 most in-demand programming languages of 2016
It is not surprising that SQL tops the list, as it is used almost everywhere and in wide range... Database technologies such as MySQL, PostgreSQL and Microsoft SQL are used in servers for large and small businesses, hospitals, banks, universities, etc. Indeed, almost every computer and person with database access is ultimately concerned with SQL. For example, all Android phones and iPhones have access to the database SQL data called SQLite and many mobile applications developed by Google, Skype and Dropbox use it directly.
Java
The tech community recently celebrated Java's 20th anniversary. It is one of the most widely adopted programming languages, used by about 9 million developers, and operates on 7 billion devices worldwide. It is the programming language used to develop all native Android applications... The popularity of Java developers comes from the fact that this language has long-term compatibility, which ensures that old applications continue to work now and in the future. The only difficulty is that this language is quite difficult to learn, especially for beginners.
JavaScript is another of the most popular and powerful programming languages and is used to bring web pages to life, making them interactive. For example, JavaScript can be used to add effects to web pages, display pop-up messages, or create games with basic functionality. It's also worth noting that JavaScript is the scripting language of the World Wide Web that is built into all major web browsers by default, including Internet Explorer, FireFox, and Safari. Almost every site includes some JavaScript elements, which adds to the demand for JavaScript developers. In recent years, JavaScript has also begun to be used as the basis of Node.js, a server-side technology that allows real-time communication, among other things.
C # (pronounced C-Sharp) is a relatively new programming language developed by Microsoft for a wide variety of enterprise applications that run on the .NET Framework. Evolution of C and C ++, C # is simple, modern, secure and object-oriented.
C ++ (pronounced C-plus-plus) is an object-oriented programming language general purpose based on the "C" language. Developed by Bjarne Stroustrup at Bell Labs, C ++ was first released in 1983. Stroustrup maintains an extensive list of C ++ applications. The list includes Adobe and Microsoft applications, MongoDB databases, most Mac OS / X and this best language to study the performance of mission-critical applications such as "twitch" game development or audio / video processing.
Python is a general-purpose programming language named after "Monty Python". Python is simple and easy to read (for those who know English). it great language for beginners and experienced professionals. There are many programming courses for Python, 8 out of 10 computer science departments teach coding with Python. Due to the use of the Python language in education, there are many libraries built for Python related to mathematics, physics, natural processing, etc.
Created by Danish-Canadian programmer Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994, PHP was not intended to be a new programming language. Instead, it was created to serve as a set of tools to help its creator maintain his personal page on the Internet (in PHP). Today, PHP is a server-side scripting programming language that can be used to create web pages written in HTML format. PHP is a very popular language because it is easy for novice programmers to use, but it also offers many advanced features for more experienced ones.
Like Java or C, Ruby is a general-purpose programming language. Ruby on Rails is used to write web applications and also provides integration with the web server and database. Ruby on Rails has many positive qualities, including rapid development and a wide variety of libraries. It is used by many companies ranging from small startups to large enterprises. Hulu, Twitter, Github, and Living Social use Ruby on Rails for at least one of their web applications.
IN 2014 year Apple decided to invent their own programming language. The result is Swift, a new programming language for iOS and OS X for developers. The developers claim that many parts of Swift are familiar to them from C ++ and Objective-C experience. Many companies in the west, including American Airlines, LinkedIn, and Duolingo, have switched to Swift, and the language will continue to grow in popularity in the coming years.
Any master has a complete set of tools, each of which is suitable for a specific task. Likewise with programming, there will never be just one language, and each language will evolve and improve over time to keep pace with innovation.
That is why, if you are interested in becoming a developer, it is important to be well versed in several programming languages, so that you can be versatile and adaptable, and continue to learn languages throughout your career.